sourcehypertextpublicgallerymodernismeen.pug

//- meta
	slug: "gallery/modernisme"
	translates: "gallery/modernisme"
	lang: en
	title: "Modernisme: Modernity begins"
	thumbnail: "gallery/modernisme/DuncanJohn.jpg"
	thumbnailAlt: "John Duncan’s “Saint Bride”"
	description: "From Anastasia to Waterford, beautiful artworks from the turn of the century"
	pageCreated: "2020-04-21"
	pageUpdated: "2025-04-21"

extends ../gallery.pug

block main
	h2
		strong(lang="nl") Modernisme
		small Modernity begins
	ul.gallery
		li.framed.landscape
			img(src=qua("LadyWaterford.jpg") alt="David tends to his flock in a cartouche surrounded by greenery and biblical quotes")
			figcaption
				p.artist Louisa Beresford, Lady Waterford 
					time (1818–1891, England)
				p.title
					i David the Shepherd 
					time (c. 1870)
				p.details Watercolour on paper. Adorns the walls of 
					a(href="/garden/2021/05/waterford") Lady Waterford Hall
					| , Ford, Northd.
				p I would be remiss not to include at least one work by the pre-Raphaelites. I’m no Christian, but something about Lady Waterford’s painterly style and vibrant colours really strikes a chord with me, no matter the subject.
				p.acquired acquired MMXXII.XI.XXIII
		li.framed.portrait
			img(src=qua("RepinIlya.jpg") alt="An underwater kingdom of exotic royalty and jellyfish")
			figcaption
				p.artist Ilya Repin 
					time (1844–1930, Russia)
				p.title
					i Sadko 
					time (1876)
				p.details Oil on canvas. Hangs at the 
					a(href="http://en.rusmuseum.ru/") Russian Museum
					| , St Petersburg.
				p.acquired acquired MMXXII.XI.XXIII
		li.framed.portrait
			img(src=qua("DeMorganEvelyn.jpg") alt="A young figure is accosted by the angel of death, bearing black wings and a scythe, at midday")
			figcaption
				p.artist Evelyn De Morgan 
					time (1855–1919, England)
				p.title
					i The Angel of Death I 
					time (1880)
				p.details Oil on canvas. In the collection of the #[a(href="https://www.demorgan.org.uk/exhibitions-2/de-morgan-museum-cannon-hall/") De Morgan Museum], Barnsley.
				p.acquired acquired MMXXV.IV.XXI
		li.framed.landscape
			img(src=qua("BoecklinArnold.jpg") alt="A white-veiled ferryman sails to an isolated, desolate island")
			figcaption
				p.artist Arnold Böcklin 
					time (1827–1901, Switzerland)
				p.title
					i Isle of the Dead III 
					time (1883)
				p.details Oil on canvas. In the collection of the #[a(href="https://www.smb.museum/en/museums-institutions/alte-nationalgalerie/home//") Old National Gallery], Berlin.
				p That i hadn’t seen this before 2025 should be a surprise, as in pre- and inter-war Europe this was a smash hit — Freud, Lenin, and Hitler all proudly put copies on display. (Make of that what you will.)
				p.acquired acquired MMXXV.IV.XXI
		li.framed.portrait
			img(src=qua("GallenKallelaAkseli.jpg") alt="A group of craftsmen in the woods watch in awe at the process of forging")
			figcaption
				p.artist Akseli Gallen-Kallela 
					time (1865–1931, Finland)
				p.title
					i The Forging of the Sampo 
					time (1893)
				p.details Oil on canvas. In the collection of the #[a(href="https://ateneum.fi/en/") Ateneum], Helsinki.
				p.acquired acquired MMXXV.IV.XXI
		li.portrait
			img(src=qua("ThesleffEllen.jpg") alt="A young woman stares at the viewer, the view hazy and obscured")
			figcaption
				p.artist Ellen Thesleff 
					time (1869–1954, Finland)
				p.title
					| Self-portrait 
					time (1895)
				p.details Pencil and sepia on paper. In the collection of the #[a(href="https://ateneum.fi/en/") Ateneum], Helsinki.
				p.acquired acquired MMXXV.IV.XXI
		li.portrait
			img(src=qua("BeardsleyAubrey.jpg") alt="A woman in a long robe of peacock feathers converses with another figure")
			figcaption
				p.artist Aubrey Beardsley 
					time (1872–1898, England)
				p.title
					i The Peacock Skirt 
					time (1893)
				p.details Ink on paper. In the collection of the #[a(href="https://harvardartmuseums.org//") Harvard Art Museums], Massachusetts.
				p.acquired acquired MMXXV.IV.XXI
		li.portrait
			img(src=qua("SteinlenTheophile.png") alt="An art nouveau poster with a handsome cat")
			figcaption
				p.artist Théophile Alexandre Steinlen 
					time (1859–1923, France)
				p.title Poster for the 
					i(lang="fr") Tournée du Chat Noir 
					time (1896)
				p.details Colour lithograph. Hangs at Rutgers’ 
					a(href="https://zimmerli.rutgers.edu/") Zimmerli Art Museum
					| , New Jersey.
				p This stylish art-nouveau poster advertised a nationwide tour of Paris’ Chat Noir, oft described as the first modern cabaret.
				p.acquired acquired MMXXII.XI.XXIII
		li.framed.portrait
			img(src=qua("ParrishMaxfield.jpg") alt="Chiron teaching Jason archery, on a gorgeous, saturated blue mountain backdrop")
			figcaption
				p.artist Maxfield Parrish 
					time (1870–1966, U.S.)
				p.title
					i Jason and His Teacher 
					time (1909)
				p.details Oil on canvas. Private collection.
				p.acquired acquired MMXXII.XI.XXIII
		li.framed.landscape
			img(src=qua("KnuepferBenes.jpg") alt="Fauns run away from the headlights of an automobile in the dead of night")
			figcaption
				p.artist Beneš Knüpfer 
					time (1844–1910, Czechia)
				p.title
					i Fauns Fleeing Before an Automobile 
					time (1905)
				p.details Oil on canvas. Hangs at the 
					a(href="https://www.ngprague.cz/") National Gallery Prague
					| .
				p.acquired acquired MMXXII.XI.XXIII
		li.framed.landscape
			img(src=qua("FarquharsonJoseph.jpg") alt="A woman walks past a snowy garden")
			figcaption
				p.artist Joseph Farquharson 
					time (1846–1935, Scotland)
				p.title
					i Winter Day at Finzean 
					time (c. 1901)
				p.details Oil on canvas. Hangs at the 
					a(href="https://www.nationalgalleries.org/") Scottish National Gallery
					| , Edinburgh.
				p People will rag on Thomas Kinkade but then add this to their prestigious collections. Curious!
				p.acquired acquired MMXXII.XI.XXIII
		li.framed.landscape
			img(src=qua("CurranCharlesCourtney.jpg") alt="A russet-haired white woman in a white lace dress beckons the viewer into a verdant birch forest")
			figcaption
				p.artist Charles Courtney Curran 
					time (1861–1942, U.S.)
				p.title
					i The Edge of the Woods 
					time (1912)
				p.details Oil on canvas. Unknown provenance.
				p.acquired acquired MMXXIII.I.XXVII
		li.framed.portrait
			img(src=qua("KirchnerErnst.jpg") alt="A depressed artist having a lie down on a sofa")
			figcaption
				p.artist Ernst Kirchner 
					time (1880–1938, Germany)
				p.title
					i(lang="de") Artistin (Marzella)
					|  
					time (1910)
				p.details Oil on canvas. Hangs at the 
					a(href="https://www.bruecke-museum.de/de/") Brücke Museum
					| , Berlin.
				p It’s astonishing how modern (for lack of a better word) someone who lived over a century ago can look.
				p.acquired acquired MMXXII.XI.XXIII
		li.framed.landscape
			img(src=qua("DuncanJohn.jpg") alt="Two angels fly over a turbulent sea carrying a long-haired blonde maiden, where a sea lion swims")
			figcaption
				p.artist John Duncan 
					time (1866–1945, Scotland)
				p.title
					i Saint Bride 
					time (1913)
				p.details Tempera on canvas. Hangs at the 
					a(href="https://www.nationalgalleries.org/") Scottish National Gallery
					| , Edinburgh.
				p
					| This is my favourite of the whole lot. Much like its subject, a Christian syncretism of the pagan 
					span.theonym Brigid
					| , this painting brings together Romantic paintings, Celtic knots, and insular tapestries — and yet still, it manages to feel like so much more. The geometric patterns and colourful garments evoke the traditional arts of southern Africa, while the angels’ shimmering patchwork wings bring to mind the ravens and totems of Cascadia’s Salish peoples. A true masterpiece, a work of art that brings the whole world together, if there ever was one.
				p.acquired acquired MMXXII.XI.XXIII
		li.photo.portrait
			img(src=qua("Anastasia.jpg") alt="A young girl poses humorously for a photo with fake teeth")
			figcaption
				p.artist Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia 
					time (1901–1918, Russia)
				p.title Self-portrait with fake teeth 
					time (c. 1915)
				p.details Photograph. In the collection of Yale’s 
					a(href="https://beinecke.library.yale.edu/") Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library
					| , New Haven.
				p Anastasia, unsung pioneer of the selfie, would soon after have her camera access revoked and (one presumes for unrelated reasons) be executed by firing squad.
				p.acquired acquired MMXXII.XI.XXIII
		li.landscape
			img(src=qua("BendaWT.png") alt="A charcoal drawing of the earth and moon as seen from space")
			figcaption
				p.artist Władysław T. Benda 
					time (1873–1948, Poland)
				p.title The 
					span.theonym Earth
					|  and the Milky Way and the moon 
					time (1918)
				p.details Charcoal drawing. In the collection of the 
					a(href="https://www.loc.gov") Library of Congress
					| , Washington.
				p.acquired acquired MMXXII.XI.XXIII
		li.landscape
			img(src=qua("WainLouis.jpg") alt="A fluffy ginger kitten on a floral pattern background")
			figcaption
				p.artist Louis Wain 
					time (1860–1939, England)
				p.title
					i Kitty  
					time (1931)
				p.details Coloured pencil on paper. Private collection.
				p.acquired acquired MMXXIII.I.XXVII
		li.portrait
			img(src=qua("WeidhaasArthur.jpg") alt="Photograph shows side view of a cat wearing a winged helmet and breastplate armor in the role of the valkyrie Brünnhilde from the opera Der Ring des Niebelungen.")
			figcaption
				p.artist Arthur Weidhaas 
					time (1891–1976), U.S.)
				p.title
					i “Brünnhilde”  
					time (1936)
				p.details Photograph. In the collection of the 
					a(href="https://www.loc.gov/resource/ppmsca.51533/") Library of Congress
					| , Washington.
				p
					| I went down quite the rabbit hole trying to figure out who made this delightful little photo, attributed by the Library of Congress to one “Adolph E. Weidhaas”. Via a 
					a(href="https://twitter.com/ZambranaML/status/1610526948102639617") Twitter thread
					|  and perhaps unreliable 
					a(href="https://www.ancientfaces.com/person/arthur-weidhaas-birth-1891-death-1976/12987121") obituary website
					| , it seems like he changed his name to Arthur after the war, and worked at New York’s Metropolitan Opera (hence the subject of this feline cosplay).
				p Every time this photo does the rounds online, its creator is credited as Adolph — a name forever tinged with the stain of war. It would be nice if, going forward, we could finally call Arthur Weidhaas by his own name.
				p.acquired acquired MMXXIII.I.XXVII
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				strong De Nieuwe Tijd
				small Renaissance and Romance
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				strong Hedendaagse kunst
				small The here and now