slug: style
translates: styleguide
lang: en
title: The Hoorn Manual of Style
pageCreated: "2020-07-19"
pageUpdated: "2025-09-20"
extends ../../views/layout.pug
mixin nh2(text, identifier)
- let autoident = grimm.slugify(text.replace(/(.*?[\.:] |[0-9]{1,}\.[0-9]{1,})/, ""), {html: true})
h2(id=autoident)
a(href=`#${autoident}`)!= text
mixin nh3(text, identifier)
- let autoident = grimm.slugify(text.replace(/(.*?[\.:] |[0-9]{1,}\.[0-9]{1,})/, ""), {html: true})
h3(id=autoident)
a(href=`#${autoident}`)!= text
append presets
- hasSidenotes = true
- hasComments = false
- og.description = "Over the years, i have picked up so many little idiosyncracies in my wielding of the English tongue that i thought it would be prudent to compile them all in one place. I would like to preëmptively apologise to Chaucer, Shakespeare, and Austen for how i have massacred their language…"
append head
style.
:root {
--background: #F8F7ED;
--accent: #81693b;
--accent-translucent: #81693b88;
--accent-seethrough: #81693b22;
--text: #1A1713;
}
body {
display: flex;
align-items: flex-start;
justify-content: center;
max-inline-size: 100%;
margin: 0;
}
#contents {
position: sticky;
inset-block-start: 0;
block-size: 100vb;
margin: 0 1rem;
color: var(--accent);
font-size: 0.85em;
}
#contents>header {
margin-block-start: 1em;
font-size: 1.125em;
}
#contents li::marker {
font-variant-numeric: oldstyle-nums;
}
#contents .smallcapped-list {
list-style-type: upper-alpha;
}
#contents .smallcapped-list li::marker {
font-variant-caps: all-small-caps;
}
main {
max-inline-size: min(65ch, 100%);
margin: 1rem;
padding: 0;
}
main>header {
padding-block-end: 0.2em;
border-block-end: 1px dotted var(--accent);
}
main>header>h1 span {
display: block;
font-size: 1.5rem;
font-weight: normal;
text-align: start;
}
main>header>h1 {
margin: 0;
font-size: 3rem;
font-weight: bold;
line-height: 1;
text-align: center;
}
main>header>small {
display: block;
margin-block-start: .5em;
color: var(--accent);
font-size: 1rem;
text-align: end;
}
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
font-weight: normal;
text-align: start;
}
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
font-weight: normal;
text-align: start;
border-block-end: 1px dotted var(--accent);
}
h4 {
font-variant-numeric: oldstyle-nums proportional-nums;
}
dl dt {
margin-block-start: 1em;
}
dl dd p:first-child {
margin-block-start: 0;
}
code {
display: inline;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
font-style: normal;
background-color: transparent;
border-radius: 0;
}
#sidenotes {
max-inline-size: 30ch;
}
.examples,
blockquote {
font-size: .9em;
list-style-type: none;
border-left: 1px solid var(--accent);
background-color: var(--accent-seethrough);
padding: .25em;
padding-inline: 1em;
hyphens: initial;
}
aside.note blockquote {
font-size: .85em;
}
ul.examples.twofold {
column-count: 2;
}
ul#changelog-list {
list-style-type: none;
}
ul#changelog-list b {
color: var(--accent);
margin-right: 1ch;
}
.table-container,
pre {
max-width: 100%;
overflow-x: auto;
}
details > .table-container {
padding-inline: 0;
margin-inline: 0;
}
table {
border-collapse: collapse;
font-size: 0.85rem;
width: 100%;
margin: auto;
}
pre code {
width: 100%;
max-width: none;
display: block;
}
td,
th {
border: 1px solid var(--accent-translucent);
padding: 0.5ch 1ch;
}
.table-note {
font-style: italic;
}
.table-note :lang(grc) {
font-style: normal;
}
table tr:nth-child(odd) {
background-color: var(--accent-seethrough);
}
table.sortable th:not(.sorttable_sorted):not(.sorttable_sorted_reverse):not(.sorttable_nosort)::after {
content: " ⇅"
}
#countries-and-territories td:first-child {
font-size: 1rem;
text-align: center;
line-height: 1;
}
@media only screen and (max-width: 55em) {
#contents {
display: none;
}
#container {
padding: .5em;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
}
@media only screen and (max-width: 450px) {
ul.examples.twofold {
column-count: 1;
}
}
@font-face {
font-family: "Amiri";
font-style: normal;
font-weight: 400;
src: local(""),
url("/fonts/amiri-v16-latin_arabic-regular.woff2") format("woff2"),
/* Chrome 26+, Opera 23+, Firefox 39+ */
url("/fonts/amiri-v16-latin_arabic-regular.woff") format("woff");
/* Chrome 6+, Firefox 3.6+, IE 9+, Safari 5.1+ */
}
@font-face {
font-family: "Sahitya";
font-style: normal;
font-weight: 400;
src: local(""),
url("/fonts/sahitya-v5-devanagari-regular.woff2") format("woff2"),
/* Chrome 26+, Opera 23+, Firefox 39+ */
url("/fonts/sahitya-v5-devanagari-regular.woff") format("woff");
/* Chrome 6+, Firefox 3.6+, IE 9+, Safari 5.1+ */
}
:lang(ar-Arab),
:lang(fa-Arab) {
font-family: "Amiri", serif;
}
:lang(hi-Deva),
:lang(sa-Deva) {
font-family: "Sahitya", serif;
}
block header
header
h1 #[span The] Hoorn Manual of Style
small Second edition, version 2025#[+sc('T')]2
prepend container
aside#contents
header
a(href="#") The Hoorn Manual of Style
nav
ol
li
a(href="#spelling") Spelling
ol
li
a(href="#capitalisation") Capitalisation
li
a(href="#foreign-terms") Foreign terms
li
a(href="#punctuation") Punctuation
li
a(href="#terminology") Terminology
li
a(href="#markup") Markup
ol
li
a(href="#accessibility") Accessibility
li
a(href="#urls") #[+sc('URL')]s
li
a(href="#faith") Faith
ol
li
a(href="#christianity") Christianity
li
a(href="#general-guidelines-for-the-site") General guidelines
li
a(href="#the-most-important-rule-of-all") The most important rule of all
li
a(href="#appendices") Appendices
ol.smallcapped-list
li
a(href="#countries-and-territories") Countries and territories
li
a(href="#country-province-and-state-abbreviations") Subnational abbreviations
li
a(href="#the-nato-spelling-alphabet") The Nato spelling alphabet
li
a(href="#imperial-measurements") Imperial units
block content
p Over the years, i have picked up so many little idiosyncracies in my wielding of the English tongue that i thought it would be prudent to compile them all in one place. I would like to preëmptively apologise to Chaucer, Shakespeare, and Austen for how i have massacred their language…
+nh2(`1. Spelling`)
p Use British English spellings and
a(href="#americanisms") terminology
| .
ul.examples
li colour; endeavour; flavour; honour; humour; neighbour
li calibre; centre; litre; sabre; sombre; theatre
li defence; offence; pretence
li analogue; catalogue; dialogue; monologue
li cancelling; jewellery; signalling; travelling; tranquillise
li ageing; likeable; programme (even for computers); tonne
li aeroplane; aluminium; (an) annexe; artefact; cheque; chilli; grey; (a) kerb; plough; pyjamas; sceptic
p Prefer the endings #[i -ise] and #[i -yse] over #[i -ize] and #[i -yze], unless it would be etymologically improper.
ul.examples
li analyse; organisation; realise
li
em but
li capsize; resize; seize
p If a spelling of a Græco-Latinate word with #[i ae] or #[i oe] is still in use, it should generally be spelt with a ligature #[i æ] or #[i œ]. Watch out for false friends: many #[i ae] and #[i oe] words originate from other languages or originally represented two separate syllables.
ul.examples
li æon; æsthetics; archæology; chamæleon; encyclopædia; fæces; gynæcology; mediæval; palæontology; pædiatric
li amœba; cœliac; diarrhœa; homœopathy; manœuvre; œstrogen; phœnix
li
em but
li aeroplane; aerosol; maelstrom; Phoenix, Ariz.; toe
li economics; enigma; fetus; premium
p When double #[i ee]s and #[i oo]s mark two separate sounds, the latter letter should be topped with a diæresis.#[+sn(1)]
ul.examples
li coöperate; deëmphasise; Laocoön; reëlection; zoölogy
li
em also
li naïveté
li
em but
li continuum; radii; reunion
+sn(1)
p Diæreses are common in Dutch, but are kept alive in English only due to the whims of the parochial #[i New Yorker]. To #[a(href="https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/the-curse-of-the-diaeresis") quote Mary Norris], a proofreader at the magazine, on why they continue to use the dots:
blockquote
p We do change our style from time to time. My predecessor (and the former keeper of the comma shaker) told me that she used to pester the style editor, Hobie Weekes, who had been at the magazine since 1928, to get rid of the diaeresis. She found it fussy. She said that once, in the elevator, he told her he was on the verge of changing that style and would be sending out a memo soon. And then he died.
p This was in 1978. No one has had the nerve to raise the subject since.
+nh3(`1.1. Capitalisation`)
p Prefer “down style” to “up style”; if something can be lowercased, it generally should be.
ul.examples.twofold
li the prime minister
li the internet
li the world wide web
li the government
p Titles (when used in front of names) and proper names of states and countries should be capitalised, however:
ul.examples
li The prime minister of Canada met President Biden on Sunday.
li the United States of America; the People’s Republic of China
li
em but
li the republic of Ireland (the country’s official name is just Ireland)
p Decapitalise the pronoun #[i i] when not at the start of a sentence.
ul.examples.twofold
li I thought i’d left it over there.
p Acronyms (that is, abbreviations of initial letters pronounced as one word) should be set in title case when referring to proper nouns and organisations, and in lowercase when referring to common nouns and verbs.
ul.examples
li Aim; Gestapo; Latex; Nasa; Nato; Ukip; Unicef
li aids; bios; captcha; covid-19; gif; jpeg; laser; radar; scuba
p Initialisms (those abbreviations pronounced as the individual letters) should be set in #[+sc('small caps')] unless referring to the names of people or states.
ul.examples
li #[+sc('AM')]; #[+sc('BBC')]; #[+sc('CD')]; #[+sc('FBI')]; #[+sc('GCHQ')]; #[+sc('HTML')]; #[+sc('LGBT')]; #[+sc('NAACP')]
li
em but
li IDS; JFK; UK; U.S.; USA
p Colour terms used in reference to ethnicity — #[i black], #[i brown], #[i white] — should usually be lowercase, but may be capped up if they form part of a compound term.
ul.examples
li Rock music has its roots in the syncretism of black and white musical traditions.
li The indigenous tribes of Papua New Guinea are among the world’s most diverse.
li
em This is fine too:
li Born to a Black Caribbean family, she suspected she also had some Native American ancestry.
p Use lowercase #[i pagan] in reference to pre-modern polytheistic faiths; use uppercase #[i Pagan] for the modern revival movement. Emperor Julian was a pagan; Gerald Gardner was a Pagan. Similarly, use lowercase #[i witch] for anyone alleged to practise the magic arts; use uppercase #[i Witch] for practitioners of Wicca or the many other related latter-day religious movements.
+nh3(`1.2 Foreign terms`)
p Words of foreign origin used in English need not be italicised. The educated reader is surely already familiar with the concepts of, say, a fatwa, or a yeshiva; even for more obscure terms, there is no reason why the Kazakh “besbarmaq” should be treated any differently than the Tudor “syllabub”.
p This recommendation does not extend to multi-word #[em phrases]. #[i Je ne sais quoi] has long been used in the middle of English sentences, but neither #[i je] nor #[i ne] nor #[i sais] nor #[i quoi] mean anything at all on their own; italicisation ensures the phrase is treated as a single unit, much like the title of a book or film.
p When romanising foreign-language text, one should generally defer to the recommendations of the #[a(href="https://unstats.un.org/unsd/ungegn/working_groups/wg5.cshtml") United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names]. The exception is Ancient Greek, for which this more Latinistic transcription scheme is used:
.table-container
table
thead
tr
th Greek
th Latin
th G
th L
th G
th L
tbody
tr
td α
td a
td ᾳ
td ai
td αι
td æ
tr
td αυ
td au
td β
td b
td γ
td g
tr
td γγ
td ng
td γκ
td nc
td γξ
td nx
tr
td γχ
td nch
td δ
td d
td ε
td e
tr
td ει
td ei
td ευ
td eu
td ζ
td z
tr
td η
td ē
td ῃ
td ēi
td ηυ
td ēu
tr
td θ
td th
td ι
td i
td κ
td c
tr
td λ
td l
td μ
td m
td ν
td n
tr
td ξ
td x
td ο
td o
td οι
td œ, oi (#[i final])
tr
td ου
td ou
td π
td p
td ρ, ῤ
td r
tr
td ῥ
td rh
td ρῥ
td rrh
td σ, ς
td s
tr
td τ
td t
td υ
td y
td υι
td yi
tr
td φ
td ph
td χ
td ch
td ψ
td ps
tr
td ω
td ō
td ῳ
td ōi
td αϊ
td aï
tr
td ά
td á
td ὰ
td à
td ῆ
td ê
tr
td ἀ
td a
td τἀ
td t’a
td ἁ
td ha
+nh3(`1.3 Punctuation`)
p Use
a(href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dash") em and en dashes
| for their proper functions, setting off em dashes with a space on either side.#[+sn(2)] Anyone who tells you proper punctuation is a sign a computer wrote something should be whacked in the head with a frying pan.
+sn(2)
p Thin spaces are a nice idea, but don’t play nice with justified text on the web.
ul.examples
li Excuse me — is this the London–Manchester train?
p The difference between quote marks, apostrophes, primes, and so on can get confusing quickly. There follows a short guide on their proper use.
p
strong “ ”
| ,
strong ‘ ’
| : These are quote marks, used to mark when a person is speaking or for sarcastic effect as ‘scare quotes’. In keeping with British usage, punctuation should be kept outside of the quote marks if it does not form a part of the quote itself.
ul.examples
li “Reports have started trickling in of a ‘gigantic explosion’ near Jesmond.”
li ‘The explosion was an “unexpected consequence of getting a pet cat”, said Aurora after the dust had settled.’
p In Dutch, use the traditional
strong „ ”
| form, with the left side aligned beneath the text.
ul.examples
li „En hoe moest ík weten dat de kat een blok c4 bij zich had‽”
p
strong ’
| : This is an apostrophe, used to mark possession and contraction.
ul.examples.twofold
li Aisha’s car
li the teachers’ union
li ’twas
li don’t
p
strong ʻ ʼ
| : These are an ʻokina and a saltillo, used to denote glottal stops (like the gap in the middle of #[i uh-oh]) in various foreign language. Some of these languages, most notably Hawaiian, have imported words back into English.
ul.examples.twofold
li ʻaʻā
li Hawaiʻi
li Oʻahu
li ‘ō‘ō
p
strong ′ ″
| : These are a prime and a double prime, most often used to notate feet and inches or arcminutes and arcseconds.
ul.examples
li I’m 6′ 2″.
li 49° 12′ 1″ north, 3° 33′ 2″ east
p
strong ' "
| : These are “dumb quotes”, the ones you’ll find on your keyboard. They should only be used in verbatim transcriptions of computer code.
ul.examples
li
:highlight(lang='javascript') console.log("Beware the Jabberwock, my son!");
li
:highlight(lang='javascript') '0.1' + '0.2' != '0.3'
+nh2(`2. Terminology`)
dl
dt#ether æther, ether
dd
p The æther is the emptiness of space. An ether is a type of chemical.
dt#americanisms Americanisms
dd
p As said previously, British terminology should be preferred to its Stateside equivalent. The following table lists some words which tend to catch me out.
.table-container
table
tbody
tr.header
th British English
th United States English
tr
td autocue
td teleprompter
tr
td full stop
td period
tr
td gherkin
td pickle (
i as a noun
| )
tr
td number plate
td license plate
tr
td series (
i of television
| )
td season
tr
td solicitor
td attorney
tr
td sledge
td sled
tr
td storey (
i of a building
| )
td story
tr
td stand (
i for election
| )
td run
tr
td torch
td flashlight
tr
td windscreen
td windshield
dt#the-word-content content
dd
p Avoid the word #[i content] at all costs. A filmmaker makes films, an author writes books, and yet we on the internet make #[em content] — as if our work only exists to fill up space between the ads!
dt#demon dæmon, demon
dd
p A dæmon is a good or neutral guiding spirit. A demon is a malevolent entity.
dt#dates dates
dd
p Prefer #[+sc('CE')] and #[+sc('BCE')] to #[+sc('AD')] and #[+sc('BC')].
p When writing dates numerically, use the year–month–day format.
ul.examples.twofold
li 1776/07/04
li 1952·02·06
li 1963.11.23
li 2001-09-11
p Feel free to write, alongside the Gregorian date, the equivalent date in the
a(href="/calendrical") Attic festival calendar
| .
dt#demonyms demonyms
dd
p Some countries and territories have unexpected adjectives or terms for their residents. A choice list can be found in the table below.
+table
tbody
tr.header
th Place name
th Demonym
th Adjective
tr.header
th(colspan="3") Countries & territories
tr
td Botswana
td a #[i Motswana], many #[i Batswana]
td #[i Botswanan] or #[i Motswana]
tr
td Burkina Faso
td a #[i Burkinabé]
td ⁓
tr
td Côte d’Ivoire
td an #[i Ivorian]
td ⁓
tr
td Dominica
td a #[i Dominican]#[+sn(3)]
td ⁓
tr
td the Dominican Republic
td a #[i Dominican]#[+sn(4)] or #[i Quisqueyano/a] (poetic)
td #[i Dominican] or #[i Quisqueyan] (poetic)
tr
td Eswatini
td a or many #[i Swazi] or #[i Swati]
td
i Swazi
tr
td Kiribati
td an or many #[i I-Kiribati]
td
i Gilbertese
tr
td Lesotho
td a #[i Mosotho], many #[i Basotho]
td
i Basotho
tr
td Madagascar
td a or many
i Malagasy
td ⁓
tr
td Monaco
td a #[i Monégasque]
td ⁓
tr
td Myanmar
td
span.all-sc N/A
td #[i Myanma] or #[i Burmese]
tr
td Niger
td a #[i Nigerien]
td ⁓
tr
td the Philippines
td a #[i Filipino/a]
td #[i Filipino] or #[i Philippine]
tr
td the Seychelles
td a or many
i Seychellois
td ⁓
tr
td St. Vincent and the Grenadines
td a #[i Vincentian]
td ⁓
tr
td the United Arab Emirates
td an #[i Emirati]
td ⁓
tr
td Vanuatu
td a or many #[i Ni-Vanuatu]
td ⁓
tr.header
th(colspan="3") US states (generally no adjectival form)
tr
td Connecticut
td(colspan="2") a #[i Nutmegger] or #[i Connecticuter]
tr
td Hawaiʻi
td a or many #[i Kamaʻāina]
td #[i Hawaiian]#[+sn(5)]
tr
td Illinois
td(colspan="2") an #[i Illinoian] or #[i Illinoisian]
tr
td Indiana
td(colspan="2") a #[i Hoosier]
tr
td Maine
td(colspan="2") a #[i Down Easter] or #[i Mainer]
tr
td Massachusetts
td(colspan="2") a #[i Bay Stater], #[i Massachusettsan], or (vulgar) #[i Masshole]
tr
td Michigan
td(colspan="2") a #[i Michigander]
tr
td New Hampshire
td(colspan="2") a
i New Hampshirite
tr
td Utah
td(colspan="2") a
i Utahn
+sn(3)
p Stressed on the #[i -ni-].
+sn(4)
p Stressed on the #[i -mi-].
+sn(5)
p The term #[i Hawaiian] when applied to people generally only refers to the islands’ native inhabitants.
dt#euphemisms euphemisms and jargon
dd
p Avoid mealy-mouthed euphemisms unless you’re using them for comedic effect (say,
i answering nature’s call
| instead of
i gannin’ for a piss
| ). Jargon — as is terribly common in the #[+sc('LGBT')] community, for whatever reason — should also be avoided and replaced with something people are more likely to understand.
p Some terms to avoid:
+table
tbody
tr.header
th What people say
th What they mean
tr
td
i.all-sc AGAB
| or
i assigned gender at birth
td
i birth sex
tr
td
i.all-sc Bame
| ,
i people of colour
| ,
i.all-sc Bipoc
| ,
i &c.
td
i ethnic minority
| ,
i non-white
| , or be specific
tr
td
i.all-sc CSAM
td
i child porn
tr
td
i deadname
td
i birth name
tr
td
i differently abled
td
i disabled
tr
td
i enhanced interrogation
td
i torture
tr
td
i gender confirmation surgery
td a
i sex change
| #[+sn(6)] or be specific
tr
td the
i global south
| , the
i third world
| , or the
i developing world
td
i poor(er) countries
tr
td
i human-rights abuses
td be specific
tr
td
i problematic
td be specific
tr
td
i racially charged
td
i racist
tr
td
i sunset
| (a product)
td
i shut down
tr
td
i unhoused
td
i homeless
+sn(6)
p This isn’t a particularly accurate term — the changing of one’s sex is a long and involved process that has more to do with hormone therapy than any cosmetic alteration to the body — but it’s
a(href="https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=sex+change%2Csex+*+surgery%2Cgender+*+surgery&year_start=1800&year_end=2019&corpus=26&smoothing=3") by far the most common
| in the public imagination.
dt#geography geography
dd
p The naming of places can be a surprisingly geopolitically pernickety issue — see, for example, many Persian Gulf states’ politically correct renaming to the
i Arabian Gulf
| , or the perennial tendency of narcissistic autocrats to bestow their own names upon cities.
p In general, if a place’s historic English name is still in common use today, that should be the name one uses. For example:
ul.examples.twofold
li Bangalore (#[em not] Bengaluru)
li Beijing (#[em not] Peking)
li Brunswick (#[em not] Braunschweig)
li Calcutta (#[em not] Kolkata)
li Derry (#[em not] Londonderry)
li The Hague (#[em no matter how much i want to call it] Den Haag)
li Hanover (#[em with one] #[+sc('N')])
li Istanbul (#[em neither] Constantinople #[em nor] İstanbul)
li Jaffa (#[em not] Yafo)
li Kyiv (#[em not] Kiev) #[+sn(7)]
li Mecca (#[em not] Makkah)
li Mumbai (#[em not] Bombay)
li Saigon (#[em not] Ho Chi Minh City)
li Thessalonica (#[em it’s complicated but just pick one and stick with it])
+sn(7)
p #[i Kiev] is the traditional English spelling and is still reasonably common, but typing #[i Kyiv] is muscle memory by now and i don’t want a mob of angry Ukrainians after my head.
dt#gypsies-roma Gypsies and Roma
dd
p
i Gypsy
| (capped up, since it refers primarily to an ethnic group) is the accepted term in the UK, but likely to cause offence internationally — use #[i Roma] or #[i Romany] if referring to those outside the UK or writing for an international audience.
dt#hedge-words hedge words
dd
p Hedge words (“kind of”, “a little”, “somewhat”, “rather”) are the weeds that slip in and infect perfectly good texts. Before hitting the save button on a paragraph which includes one, take a moment to consider whether you need it.
dt#licence-license licence, license
dd
p
i Licence
| is a noun. To
i license
| is a verb.
dt#geography measurement
dd
p Either metric or imperial, as used in the UK,#[+sn(8)] may be used on English-language pages. Dutch pages should use exclusively metric.
+sn(8)
p However you slice it, this
em excludes
| degrees Fahrenheit, which are only used in the United States and Canada.
dt#meter-metre meter, metre
dd
p A
i meter
| is a device used to measure something. A
i metre
| is the international standard unit of length.
dt#names names
dd
p The best source for how to spell someone’s name is the person themself. If they’re long dead, don’t speak fluent English, or both… well, nobody’s going to lose sleep over
i Gadaffi
| versus
i Qadhafi
| .
p After the first mention of a person, they should usually be referred to with a courtesy title, such as the following.
ul.examples.twofold
li Mr
li Ms
li Mx
li Dr
li Prof
p Note that names differ throughout cultures. In eastern Asia and Hungary, surnames come before the given name, and Icelanders, Ethiopians, and some Indonesians don’t have surnames in the first place.
ul.examples.twofold
li Cerice van Houten → Ms van Houten
li Daði Freyr Pétursson → (Mr) Daði
li Lisa Nandy → Ms Nandy
li Orbán Viktor → Mr Orban
li Sam Smith → Mx Smith
li Stephen Hawking → Prof Hawking
li Sukarno → Mr Sukarno
li Takeuchi Mariya → Ms Takeuchi
li Tedros Adhanom → Dr Tedros
li Xi Jinping → Mr Xi
p Many Commonwealth countries issue people with the titles “Sir” and “Dame” as part of an order of chivalry. Sirs and dames may be referred to either by their title and their given name or one of the above courtesy titles and their surname.
ul.examples.twofold
li Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell → Dame Jocelyn
em or
| Ms Bell Burnell
li Sir Patrick Stewart → Sir Patrick
em or
| Mr Stewart
dt#practice-practise practice, practise
dd
p
i Practice
| is a noun. To
i practise
| is a verb.
dt#version-numbering version numbering
dd
p “Semantic versioning” (1.12.3, 5.0.4, that sort of thing), as beloved by techies of all stripes, will only lead to ruin. If you’re going to keep a version number, use this more date-based scheme:
ul
li Version
strong 2015
span.all-sc J
ul
li
strong 2015
| : Year of release
li
strong.all-sc J
| : First half of May
li Version
strong 2023
span.all-sc D
| 6
ul
li
strong 2023
| : Year of release
li
strong.all-sc D
| : Second half of March
li
strong 6
| : Sixth version of 2023#[+sc('D')]
+table
thead
tr
th(colspan="4") Semimonthly letter codes
tr
th Code
th Date
th Code
th Date
tbody
tr
td: strong A
td January 1–15
td: strong B
td January 16–31
tr
td: strong C
td February 1–15
td: strong D
td February 16–29
tr
td: strong E
td March 1–15
td: strong F
td March 16–31
tr
td: strong G
td April 1–15
td: strong H
td April 16–30
tr
td: strong J
td May 1–15
td: strong K
td May 16–31
tr
td: strong L
td June 1–15
td: strong M
td June 16–30
tr
td: strong N
td July 1–15
td: strong P
td July 16–31
tr
td: strong Q
td August 1–15
td: strong R
td August 16–31
tr
td: strong S
td September 1–15
td: strong T
td September 16–30
tr
td: strong U
td October 1–15
td: strong V
td October 16–31
tr
td: strong W
td November 1–15
td: strong X
td November 16–30
tr
td: strong Y
td December 1–15
td: strong Z
td December 16–31
dt#who-whom who, whom
dd
p Who gives a shit?
+nh3(`2.1 A table of preferred and correct spellings`)
ul.examples.twofold
li 2#[+sc('D')], 3#[+sc('D')]
li ʻAbdu’l-Bahá
li accommodate
li æsthetic
li Albuquerque
li ancillary
li Richard Ayoade
li Baháʼu’lláh
li bellwether
li Hawaiʻi
li Hallowe’en
li led (#[i the past tense of “lead”])
li Aleksandr Lukashenko
li Mao Tse-tung
li Massachusetts
li millennium (#[i think “milli-” and “annual”])
li Benjamin Netanyahu
li pastime
li publicly (#[i no such word as “publical”])
li Reykjavík
li Sukarno
li Volodymyr Zelenskyy
+nh2(`3. Markup`)
p Use #[code <em>] when a change of tone is implied. When the font choice is merely stylistic, use #[code <i>].
ul.examples
li
code <i>
i Homo sapiens
code <i>
| is a
code <em>
em very
code <em>
| interesting animal.
p Use sidenotes for ancillary information. If something would be too unwieldy for a sidenote, feel free to use a
a(href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/details")
code <details>
| element instead.
p Make images as lightweight as possible without sacrificing detail. It’s the kind thing to do for those of us with poor connections.
p Keep #[+sc('CSS')] code nice and tidy by putting properties in the following order:
ul
li #[code content] (if applicable)
li Positioning
ul
li #[code position]
li #[code inset-block], #[code inset-inline], #[i &c]
li #[code z-index]
li Display, grid, and flex
ul
li #[code display]
li #[code flex] and friends
li #[code grid-template-columns] and friends
li #[code gap]
li #[code align-*], #[code justify-*], and friends
li Box model
ul
li #[code float]
li Size (#[code inline-size], #[code max-block-size], #[code aspect-ratio]…)
li Margin
li Padding
li Others (#[code overflow], #[code clip]…)
li Typography (#[code color], #[code font-*], #[code text-*], #[i &c], in alphabetical order)
li Visuals (alphabetical order)
li Transitions and animation (alphabetical order)
p Prefer logical properties like #[code inline-size] and #[code margin-block-start] to ones like #[code width] and #[code margin-top] — they work better across languages, from English to Arabic to even vertical scripts like Mongolian.
+nh3(`3.1 Accessibility`)
p All non-decorative images should have descriptive alt text or an attached transcript. (I like to think of the role of alt text as being like that guy on a podcast who has to awkwardly describe the image the rest of the crew are seeing for the audience. Don’t waste people’s time too much.)
p Video files should come with subtitles and, if what people are saying within is important to the text, a transcript.
p Make sure text and background colours have at least
span.all-sc AA
| -grade contrast.
a(href="https://whocanuse.com") WhoCanUse.com
| is a good tool for checking this sort of thing.
+nh3(`3.2 <span class='all-sc'>URL</span>s`)
p Page
span.all-sc URL
| s should be short, but not opaque, following in the footsteps of
a(href="https://qntm.org/urls") #[i Qntm.org]’s scheme
| . Take
a(href="/linkroll") the linkroll
| .
code satyrs.eu
wbr
| /mx-tynehornes-cabinet-of-hypertext-curiosities
| would be unwieldy, and
code satyrs.eu/l
| utterly unhelpful.
code satyrs.eu/linkroll
| is concise, memorable, and to the point.
+nh2(`4. Faith`)
p Typeset the Gods’ names and untranslated epithets in small caps.
ul.examples
li
span.theonym Apollon Acestor
| ;
span.theonym Dionysos Zagreus
| ;
span.theonym Hermaphroditos-Salmacis
li
em but
li owl-eyed
span.theonym Athena
| ; silver-quivered
span.theonym Apollon
li
em however, also
li
span.theonym Earth
p This also goes for terms derived from Their names, unless said names also refer to common nouns in the original Greek.
ul.examples
li
span.theonym Bacchanalian
| ;
span.theonym Hermetically
| sealed
li
em but
li geology; oceanic
p Nouns and pronouns referring directly to a God should be capped up.
ul.examples
li
span.theonym Apollon
| the Archer stretches His glittering bow back…
p If a God’s name or derivative thereof is used as a personal name, eschew the small caps.
ul.examples.twofold
li Denis Thatcher
li Dionysius Exiguus
li Freya Ridings
li Venus Williams
p For reasons of consistency, do not typeset days and months named after Gods in small caps.
ul.examples
li Tuesday; Wednesday; Thursday; Friday; Saturday
li January; March; May; June
+nh2(`4.1. Christianity`)
p As i have no theological dog in this race, references to Christianity should follow the traditions of the Church of England where relevant (say, in determining how many books the Bible has, or what order the ten commandments come in).
p Biblical quotations should be lifted from #[a(href="https://uk.bookshop.org/p/books/the-hebrew-bible-a-translation-with-commentary-robert-alter/4339171?ean=9780393292497") Robert Alter’s masterful translation] of the Hebrew Bible and #[a(href="https://uk.bookshop.org/p/books/the-new-testament-a-translation-david-bentley-hart/2913034") David Bentley Hart’s studiously literal version] of the New Testament, though if those are unavailable the less prosaic #[+sc("NRSV")] will do in a pinch.
ul.examples
li When God began to create heaven and earth, and the earth then was welter and waste and darkness over the deep and God’s breath hovering over the waters, God said, ‘Let there be light.’ And there was light.
li For God so loved the cosmos as to give the Son, the only one, so that everyone having faith in him might not perish, but have the life of the Age.
+nh2(`5. General guidelines for the site`)
p Try to keep it the equivalent of a
a(href="https://www.bbfc.co.uk/rating/15")
span.all-sc BBFC
| 15 rating
| . Innuendo is fine, but please don’t explicitly detail people’s sexcapades or horrible injuries.
p Don’t get too deep into tech-nerdery. Making your website all about the technology you used to build it would be like Michelangelo using his talents to make a giant statue of a chisel.
p Avoid politics if at all possible. I, for one, surf the ’net to get #[em away] from all of the horrible things of real life, and would rather not hear about whatever Boris Johnson has done this time. (Equal-opportunity snark about upcoming elections may be acceptable.)
p There are enough miserable, cynical louts on the internet, and you mustn’t let yourself join them. It’s a beautiful wide world out there, and you’re going to spend it kvetching on your website about what someone said on the internet? No thank you!
p Plain English is well and good if you’re writing an instruction manual, but for anything else, you will soon find yourself drowning in a sterility that makes the eyes glaze over. Throw out the guides of Orwell, Strunk, and White, and instead consider
a(href="https://thelampmagazine.com/blog/how-to-write-english-prose") the advice of the theologian David Bentley Hart
| :
blockquote
p Always use the word that most exactly means what you wish to say, in utter indifference to how common or familiar that word happens to be. A writer should never fret over what his or her readers may or may not know, and should worry only about underestimating them. As Nabokov said, a good reader always comes prepared with a dictionary and never resents being introduced to a new term. I call this the “ultracrepidarian rule,” simply because an editor once tried unsuccessfully to dissuade me from writing about a certain “polemicist who stumbles across unseen disciplinary boundaries in an ultracrepidarian stupor.” The editor lost that argument because there is absolutely no other word in the English language that so exactly means what I wanted to say.
p The use of machine-learning tools, such as Chat#[+sc("GPT")] and Stable Diffusion, is generally a sign that the user #[em didn’t really care] about whatever they were using them for. And that’s fine! I use them for lots of things i don’t really care about: rote translations, small decorative elements, so on. But you mustn’t let them supplant your own creativity — that’s how the brain worms get you.
+nh2(`6. The most important rule of all`)
p If following one of these rules makes something look worse,
em break it!
+nh2(`7. Appendices`)
+nh3(`Appendix <span class='all-sc'>A</span>: Countries and territories`)
p The following is a list of countries and inhabited dependent territories, including their full names, short names in English and Dutch, and the international standard two-letter country codes (where applicable).
details
summary Countries of the world
+table(sortable)
thead
tr
th Flag
th Long name
th Short name (English)
th Short name (Dutch)
th Code
th Sovereignty
th Capital
tbody
tr
td
+flag(`xa`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Abkhazia") Rep. of Abkhazia
td(sorttable_customkey="Abkhazia") Abkhazia
td(sorttable_customkey="Abchazië", lang="nl") Abchazië
td(sorttable_customkey="XA")
abbr.all-sc(title="Unofficial") XA
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent, claimed by Georgia") Independent, claimed by Georgia
td Sukhumi
tr
td
+flag(`af`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan") Islam. Emir. of Afghanistan
td(sorttable_customkey="Afghanistan") Afghanistan
td(sorttable_customkey="Afghanistan", lang="nl") Afghanistan
td(sorttable_customkey="AF")
abbr.all-sc AF
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Kabul
tr
td
+flag(`gb`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia") Sover. Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia
td(sorttable_customkey="Akrotiri and Dhekelia") Akrotiri and Dhekelia
td(sorttable_customkey="Akrotiri en Dhekelia", lang="nl") Akrotiri en Dhekelia
td(sorttable_customkey="N/A")
abbr.all-sc N/A
td(sorttable_customkey="United Kingdom") United Kingdom
td
span.all-sc N/A
tr
td
+flag(`ax`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Aland") Åland
td(sorttable_customkey="Aland") Åland
td(sorttable_customkey="Aland", lang="nl") Åland
td(sorttable_customkey="AX")
abbr.all-sc AX
td(sorttable_customkey="Finland") Finland
td Mariehamn
tr
td
+flag(`al`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Albania") Rep. of Albania
td(sorttable_customkey="Albania") Albania
td(sorttable_customkey="Albanië", lang="nl") Albanië
td(sorttable_customkey="AL")
abbr.all-sc AL
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Tirana
tr
td
+flag(`dz`)
td(sorttable_customkey="People’s Dem. Rep. of Algeria") People’s Dem. Rep. of Algeria
td(sorttable_customkey="Algeria") Algeria
td(sorttable_customkey="Algerije", lang="nl") Algerije
td(sorttable_customkey="DZ")
abbr.all-sc DZ
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Algiers
tr
td
+flag(`as`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Territory of American Samoa") Territ. of American Samoa
td(sorttable_customkey="American Samoa") American Samoa
td(sorttable_customkey="Amerikaans-Samoa", lang="nl") Amerikaans-Samoa
td(sorttable_customkey="AS")
abbr.all-sc AS
td(sorttable_customkey="United States") United States
td Pago Pago
tr
td
+flag(`ad`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Principality of Andorra") Principality of Andorra
td(sorttable_customkey="Andorra") Andorra
td(sorttable_customkey="Andorra", lang="nl") Andorra
td(sorttable_customkey="AD")
abbr.all-sc AD
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Andorra la Vella
tr
td
+flag(`ao`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Angola") Rep. of Angola
td(sorttable_customkey="Angola") Angola
td(sorttable_customkey="Angola", lang="nl") Angola
td(sorttable_customkey="AO")
abbr.all-sc AO
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Luanda
tr
td
+flag(`ai`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Anguilla") Anguilla
td(sorttable_customkey="Anguilla") Anguilla
td(sorttable_customkey="Anguilla", lang="nl") Anguilla
td(sorttable_customkey="AI")
abbr.all-sc AI
td(sorttable_customkey="United Kingdom") United Kingdom
td the Valley
tr
td
+flag(`aq`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Antarctica") Antarctica
td(sorttable_customkey="Antarctica") Antarctica
td(sorttable_customkey="Antarctica", lang="nl") Antarctica
td(sorttable_customkey="AQ")
abbr.all-sc AQ
td(sorttable_customkey="Antarctic Treaty") Antarctic Treaty
td
span.all-sc N/A
tr
td
+flag(`ag`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Antigua and Barbuda") Antigua and Barbuda
td(sorttable_customkey="Antigua and Barbuda") Antigua and Barbuda
td(sorttable_customkey="Antigua en Barbuda", lang="nl") Antigua en Barbuda
td(sorttable_customkey="AG")
abbr.all-sc AG
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td St John's
tr
td
+flag(`ar`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Argentine Republic") the Argentine Rep.
td(sorttable_customkey="Argentina") Argentina
td(sorttable_customkey="Argentinië", lang="nl") Argentinië
td(sorttable_customkey="AR")
abbr.all-sc AR
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Buenos Aires
tr
td
+flag(`am`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Armenia") Rep. of Armenia
td(sorttable_customkey="Armenia") Armenia
td(sorttable_customkey="Armenië", lang="nl") Armenië
td(sorttable_customkey="AM")
abbr.all-sc AM
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Yerevan
tr
td
+flag(`xn`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Artsakh") Rep. of Artsakh
td(sorttable_customkey="Artsakh") Artsakh
td(sorttable_customkey="Artsach", lang="nl") Artsach
td(sorttable_customkey="XN")
abbr.all-sc(title="Unofficial") XN
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent, claimed by Azerbaijan") Independent, claimed by Azerbaijan
td Stepanakert
tr
td
+flag(`aw`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Country of Aruba") Country of Aruba
td(sorttable_customkey="Aruba") Aruba
td(sorttable_customkey="Aruba", lang="nl") Aruba
td(sorttable_customkey="AW")
abbr.all-sc AW
td(sorttable_customkey="Netherlands") Netherlands
td Oranjestad
tr
td
+flag(`au`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Commonwealth of Australia") Commonw. of Australia
td(sorttable_customkey="Australia") Australia
td(sorttable_customkey="Australië", lang="nl") Australië
td(sorttable_customkey="AU")
abbr.all-sc AU
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Canberra
tr
td
+flag(`at`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Austria") Rep. of Austria
td(sorttable_customkey="Austria") Austria
td(sorttable_customkey="Oostenrijk", lang="nl") Oostenrijk
td(sorttable_customkey="AT")
abbr.all-sc AT
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Vienna
tr
td
+flag(`az`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Azerbaijan") Rep. of Azerbaijan
td(sorttable_customkey="Azerbaijan") Azerbaijan
td(sorttable_customkey="Azerbeidzjan", lang="nl") Azerbeidzjan
td(sorttable_customkey="AZ")
abbr.all-sc AZ
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Baku
tr
td
+flag(`bs`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Commonwealth of the Bahamas") Commonw. of the Bahamas
td(sorttable_customkey="Bahamas") the Bahamas
td(sorttable_customkey="Bahama’s", lang="nl") de Bahama’s
td(sorttable_customkey="BS")
abbr.all-sc BS
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Nassau
tr
td
+flag(`bh`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Kingdom of Bahrain") Kingd. of Bahrain
td(sorttable_customkey="Bahrain") Bahrain
td(sorttable_customkey="Bahrein", lang="nl") Bahrein
td(sorttable_customkey="BH")
abbr.all-sc BH
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Manama
tr
td
+flag(`bd`)
td(sorttable_customkey="People’s Rep. of Bangladesh") People’s Rep. of Bangladesh
td(sorttable_customkey="Bangladesh") Bangladesh
td(sorttable_customkey="Bangladesh", lang="nl") Bangladesh
td(sorttable_customkey="BD")
abbr.all-sc BD
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Dhaka
tr
td
+flag(`bb`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Barbados") Barbados
td(sorttable_customkey="Barbados") Barbados
td(sorttable_customkey="Barbados", lang="nl") Barbados
td(sorttable_customkey="BB")
abbr.all-sc BB
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Bridgetown
tr
td
+flag(`by`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Belarus") Rep. of Belarus
td(sorttable_customkey="Belarus") Belarus
td(sorttable_customkey="Belaroes", lang="nl") Belaroes
td(sorttable_customkey="BY")
abbr.all-sc BY
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Minsk
tr
td
+flag(`be`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Kingdom of Belgium") Kingd. of Belgium
td(sorttable_customkey="Belgium") Belgium
td(sorttable_customkey="België", lang="nl") België
td(sorttable_customkey="BE")
abbr.all-sc BE
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Brussels
tr
td
+flag(`bz`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Belize") Belize
td(sorttable_customkey="Belize") Belize
td(sorttable_customkey="Belize", lang="nl") Belize
td(sorttable_customkey="BZ")
abbr.all-sc BZ
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Belmopan
tr
td
+flag(`bj`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Benin") Rep. of Benin
td(sorttable_customkey="Benin") Benin
td(sorttable_customkey="Benin", lang="nl") Benin
td(sorttable_customkey="BJ")
abbr.all-sc BJ
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Porto-Novo
tr
td
+flag(`bm`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Bermuda") Bermuda
td(sorttable_customkey="Bermuda") Bermuda
td(sorttable_customkey="Bermuda", lang="nl") Bermuda
td(sorttable_customkey="BM")
abbr.all-sc BM
td(sorttable_customkey="United Kingdom") United Kingdom
td Hamilton
tr
td
+flag(`bt`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Kingdom of Bhutan") Kingd. of Bhutan
td(sorttable_customkey="Bhutan") Bhutan
td(sorttable_customkey="Bhutan", lang="nl") Bhutan
td(sorttable_customkey="BT")
abbr.all-sc BT
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Thimphu
tr
td
+flag(`bo`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Plurinational State of Bolivia") Plurinat’l State of Bolivia
td(sorttable_customkey="Bolivia") Bolivia
td(sorttable_customkey="Bolivia", lang="nl") Bolivia
td(sorttable_customkey="BO")
abbr.all-sc BO
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td La Paz
tr
td
+flag(`ba`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Bosnia and Herzegovina") Bosnia and Herzegovina
td(sorttable_customkey="Bosnia and Herzegovina") Bosnia and Herzegovina
td(sorttable_customkey="Bosnië en Herzegovina", lang="nl") Bosnië en Herzegovina
td(sorttable_customkey="BA")
abbr.all-sc BA
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Sarajevo
tr
td
+flag(`bw`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Botswana") Rep. of Botswana
td(sorttable_customkey="Botswana") Botswana
td(sorttable_customkey="Botswana", lang="nl") Botswana
td(sorttable_customkey="BW")
abbr.all-sc BW
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Gaborone
tr
td
+flag(`br`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Federative Rep. of Brazil") Fed’ve Rep. of Brazil
td(sorttable_customkey="Brazil") Brazil
td(sorttable_customkey="Brazilië", lang="nl") Brazilië
td(sorttable_customkey="BR")
abbr.all-sc BR
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Brasília
tr
td
+flag(`vg`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Virgin Islands") the Virgin Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="British Virgin Islands") the British Virgin Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="Britse Maagdeneilanden", lang="nl") de Britse Maagdeneilanden
td(sorttable_customkey="VG")
abbr.all-sc VG
td(sorttable_customkey="United Kingdom") United Kingdom
td Road Town
tr
td
+flag(`bn`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Nation of Brunei Darussalam") Nation of Brunei Darussalam
td(sorttable_customkey="Brunei") Brunei
td(sorttable_customkey="Brunei", lang="nl") Brunei
td(sorttable_customkey="BN")
abbr.all-sc BN
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Bandar Seri Begawan
tr
td
+flag(`bg`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Bulgaria") Rep. of Bulgaria
td(sorttable_customkey="Bulgaria") Bulgaria
td(sorttable_customkey="Bulgarije", lang="nl") Bulgarije
td(sorttable_customkey="BG")
abbr.all-sc BG
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Sofia
tr
td
+flag(`bf`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Burkina Faso") Burkina Faso
td(sorttable_customkey="Burkina Faso") Burkina Faso
td(sorttable_customkey="Burkina Faso", lang="nl") Burkina Faso
td(sorttable_customkey="BF")
abbr.all-sc BF
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Ouagadougou
tr
td
+flag(`bi`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Burundi") Rep. of Burundi
td(sorttable_customkey="Burundi") Burundi
td(sorttable_customkey="Burundi", lang="nl") Burundi
td(sorttable_customkey="BI")
abbr.all-sc BI
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Gitega
tr
td
+flag(`kh`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Kingdom of Cambodia") Kingd. of Cambodia
td(sorttable_customkey="Cambodia") Cambodia
td(sorttable_customkey="Cambodja", lang="nl") Cambodja
td(sorttable_customkey="KH")
abbr.all-sc KH
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Phnom Penh
tr
td
+flag(`cm`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Cameroon") Rep. of Cameroon
td(sorttable_customkey="Cameroon") Cameroon
td(sorttable_customkey="Kameroen", lang="nl") Kameroen
td(sorttable_customkey="CM")
abbr.all-sc CM
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Yaoundé
tr
td
+flag(`ca`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Canada") Canada
td(sorttable_customkey="Canada") Canada
td(sorttable_customkey="Canada", lang="nl") Canada
td(sorttable_customkey="CA")
abbr.all-sc CA
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Ottawa
tr
td
+flag(`cv`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Cabo Verde") Rep. of Cabo Verde
td(sorttable_customkey="Cape Verde") Cape Verde
td(sorttable_customkey="Kaapverdië", lang="nl") Kaapverdië
td(sorttable_customkey="CV")
abbr.all-sc CV
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Praia
tr
td
+flag(`ky`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Cayman Islands") the Cayman Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="Cayman Islands") the Cayman Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="Kaaimaneilanden", lang="nl") de Kaaimaneilanden
td(sorttable_customkey="KY")
abbr.all-sc KY
td(sorttable_customkey="United Kingdom") United Kingdom
td George Town
tr
td
+flag(`cf`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Central African Republic") the Central African Rep.
td(sorttable_customkey="Central African Republic") the Central African Republic
td(sorttable_customkey="Centraal-Afrikaanse Republiek", lang="nl") de Centraal-Afrikaanse Republiek
td(sorttable_customkey="CF")
abbr.all-sc CF
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Bangui
tr
td
+flag(`td`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Chad") Rep. of Chad
td(sorttable_customkey="Chad") Chad
td(sorttable_customkey="Tsjaad", lang="nl") Tsjaad
td(sorttable_customkey="TD")
abbr.all-sc TD
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td N’Djamena
tr
td
+flag(`io`)
td(sorttable_customkey="British Indian Ocean Territory") the British Indian Ocean Territ.
td(sorttable_customkey="Chagos Islands") the Chagos Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="Chagosarchipel", lang="nl") de Chagosarchipel
td(sorttable_customkey="IO")
abbr.all-sc IO
td(sorttable_customkey="United Kingdom") United Kingdom, claimed by Mauritius
td Diego Garcia
tr
td
+flag(`cl`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Chile") Rep. of Chile
td(sorttable_customkey="Chile") Chile
td(sorttable_customkey="Chili", lang="nl") Chili
td(sorttable_customkey="CL")
abbr.all-sc CL
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Santiago
tr
td
+flag(`cn`)
td(sorttable_customkey="People’s Rep. of China") People’s Rep. of China
td(sorttable_customkey="China") China
td(sorttable_customkey="China", lang="nl") China
td(sorttable_customkey="CN")
abbr.all-sc CN
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Beijing
tr
td
+flag(`cx`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Territory of Christmas Island") Territ. of Christmas Island
td(sorttable_customkey="Christmas Island") Christmas Island
td(sorttable_customkey="Christmaseiland", lang="nl") Christmaseiland
td(sorttable_customkey="CX")
abbr.all-sc CX
td(sorttable_customkey="Australia") Australia
td Flying Fish Cove
tr
td
+flag(`cc`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands") Territ. of Cocos (Keeling) Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="Cocos Islands") the Cocos Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="Cocoseilanden", lang="nl") de Cocoseilanden
td(sorttable_customkey="CC")
abbr.all-sc CC
td(sorttable_customkey="Australia") Australia
td West Island
tr
td
+flag(`co`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Colombia") Rep. of Colombia
td(sorttable_customkey="Colombia") Colombia
td(sorttable_customkey="Colombia", lang="nl") Colombia
td(sorttable_customkey="CO")
abbr.all-sc CO
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Bogotá
tr
td
+flag(`km`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Union of the Comoros") Union of the Comoros
td(sorttable_customkey="Comoros") the Comoros
td(sorttable_customkey="Comoren", lang="nl") de Comoren
td(sorttable_customkey="KM")
abbr.all-sc KM
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Moroni
tr
td
+flag(`cg`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of the Congo") Rep. of the Congo
td(sorttable_customkey="Congo-Brazzaville") Congo-Brazzaville
td(sorttable_customkey="Congo-Brazzaville", lang="nl") Congo-Brazzaville
td(sorttable_customkey="CG")
abbr.all-sc CG
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Brazzaville
tr
td
+flag(`cd`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Dem. Rep. of the Congo") Dem. Rep. of the Congo
td(sorttable_customkey="Congo-Kinshasa") Congo-Kinshasa
td(sorttable_customkey="Congo-Kinshasa", lang="nl") Congo-Kinshasa
td(sorttable_customkey="CD")
abbr.all-sc CD
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Kinshasa
tr
td
+flag(`ck`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Cook Islands") the Cook Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="Cook Islands") the Cook Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="Cookeilanden", lang="nl") de Cookeilanden
td(sorttable_customkey="CK")
abbr.all-sc CK
td(sorttable_customkey="Partially dependent on New Zealand") Partially dependent on New Zealand
td Avarua
tr
td
+flag(`cr`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Costa Rica") Rep. of Costa Rica
td(sorttable_customkey="Costa Rica") Costa Rica
td(sorttable_customkey="Costa Rica", lang="nl") Costa Rica
td(sorttable_customkey="CR")
abbr.all-sc CR
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td San José
tr
td
+flag(`ci`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Côte d’Ivoire") Rep. of Côte d’Ivoire
td(sorttable_customkey="Côte d’Ivoire") Côte d’Ivoire
td(sorttable_customkey="Ivoorkust", lang="nl") Ivoorkust
td(sorttable_customkey="CI")
abbr.all-sc CI
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Abidjan
tr
td
+flag(`hr`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Croatia") Rep. of Croatia
td(sorttable_customkey="Croatia") Croatia
td(sorttable_customkey="Kroatië", lang="nl") Kroatië
td(sorttable_customkey="HR")
abbr.all-sc HR
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Zagreb
tr
td
+flag(`cu`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Cuba") Rep. of Cuba
td(sorttable_customkey="Cuba") Cuba
td(sorttable_customkey="Cuba", lang="nl") Cuba
td(sorttable_customkey="CU")
abbr.all-sc CU
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Havana
tr
td
+flag(`cw`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Country of Curaçao") Country of Curaçao
td(sorttable_customkey="Curaçao") Curaçao
td(sorttable_customkey="Curaçao", lang="nl") Curaçao
td(sorttable_customkey="CW")
abbr.all-sc CW
td(sorttable_customkey="Netherlands") Netherlands
td Willemstad
tr
td
+flag(`cy`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Cyprus") Rep. of Cyprus
td(sorttable_customkey="Cyprus") Cyprus
td(sorttable_customkey="Cyprus", lang="nl") Cyprus
td(sorttable_customkey="CY")
abbr.all-sc CY
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Nicosia
tr
td
+flag(`cz`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Czech Republic") the Czech Rep.
td(sorttable_customkey="Czechia") Czechia
td(sorttable_customkey="Tsjechië", lang="nl") Tsjechië
td(sorttable_customkey="CZ")
abbr.all-sc CZ
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Prague
tr
td
+flag(`dk`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Kingdom of Denmark") Kingd. of Denmark
td(sorttable_customkey="Denmark") Denmark
td(sorttable_customkey="Denemarken", lang="nl") Denemarken
td(sorttable_customkey="DK")
abbr.all-sc DK
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Copenhagen
tr
td
+flag(`dj`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Djibouti") Rep. of Djibouti
td(sorttable_customkey="Djibouti") Djibouti
td(sorttable_customkey="Djibouti", lang="nl") Djibouti
td(sorttable_customkey="DJ")
abbr.all-sc DJ
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Djibouti
tr
td
+flag(`dm`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Commonwealth of Dominica") Commonw. of Dominica
td(sorttable_customkey="Dominica") Dominica
td(sorttable_customkey="Dominica", lang="nl") Dominica
td(sorttable_customkey="DM")
abbr.all-sc DM
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Roseau
tr
td
+flag(`do`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Dominican Republic") the Dominican Republic
td(sorttable_customkey="Dominican Republic") the Dominican Republic
td(sorttable_customkey="Dominicaanse Republiek", lang="nl") de Dominicaanse Republiek
td(sorttable_customkey="DO")
abbr.all-sc DO
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Santo Domingo
tr
td
+flag(`ec`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Ecuador") Rep. of Ecuador
td(sorttable_customkey="Ecuador") Ecuador
td(sorttable_customkey="Ecuador", lang="nl") Ecuador
td(sorttable_customkey="EC")
abbr.all-sc EC
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Quito
tr
td
+flag(`eg`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Arab Rep. of Egypt") Arab Rep. of Egypt
td(sorttable_customkey="Egypt") Egypt
td(sorttable_customkey="Egypte", lang="nl") Egypte
td(sorttable_customkey="EG")
abbr.all-sc EG
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Cairo
tr
td
+flag(`sv`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of El Salvador") Rep. of El Salvador
td(sorttable_customkey="El Salvador") El Salvador
td(sorttable_customkey="El Salvador", lang="nl") El Salvador
td(sorttable_customkey="SV")
abbr.all-sc SV
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td San Salvador
tr
td
+flag(`gq`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Equatorial Guinea") Rep. of Equatorial Guinea
td(sorttable_customkey="Equatorial Guinea") Equatorial Guinea
td(sorttable_customkey="Equatoriaal-Guinea", lang="nl") Equatoriaal-Guinea
td(sorttable_customkey="GQ")
abbr.all-sc GQ
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Malabo
tr
td
+flag(`er`)
td(sorttable_customkey="State of Eritrea") State of Eritrea
td(sorttable_customkey="Eritrea") Eritrea
td(sorttable_customkey="Eritrea", lang="nl") Eritrea
td(sorttable_customkey="ER")
abbr.all-sc ER
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Asmara
tr
td
+flag(`ee`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Estonia") Rep. of Estonia
td(sorttable_customkey="Estonia") Estonia
td(sorttable_customkey="Estland", lang="nl") Estland
td(sorttable_customkey="EE")
abbr.all-sc EE
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Tallinn
tr
td
+flag(`sz`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Kingdom of Eswatini") Kingd. of Eswatini
td(sorttable_customkey="Eswatini") Eswatini
td(sorttable_customkey="Swaziland", lang="nl") Swaziland
td(sorttable_customkey="SZ")
abbr.all-sc SZ
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Lobamba
tr
td
+flag(`et`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Federal Dem. Rep. of Ethiopia") Fed’l Dem. Rep. of Ethiopia
td(sorttable_customkey="Ethiopia") Ethiopia
td(sorttable_customkey="Ethiopië", lang="nl") Ethiopië
td(sorttable_customkey="ET")
abbr.all-sc ET
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Addis Ababa
tr
td
+flag(`fo`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Faeroes") the Færoes
td(sorttable_customkey="Faeroes") the Færoes
td(sorttable_customkey="Faeröer", lang="nl") de Faeröer
td(sorttable_customkey="FO")
abbr.all-sc FO
td(sorttable_customkey="Denmark") Denmark
td Tórshavn
tr
td
+flag(`fk`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Falkland Islands") the Falkland Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="Falkland Islands") the Falklands
td(sorttable_customkey="Falklandeilanden", lang="nl") de Falklandeilanden
td(sorttable_customkey="FK")
abbr.all-sc FK
td(sorttable_customkey="United Kingdom") United Kingdom
td Stanley
tr
td
+flag(`fj`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Fiji") Rep. of Fiji
td(sorttable_customkey="Fiji") Fiji
td(sorttable_customkey="Fiji", lang="nl") Fiji
td(sorttable_customkey="FJ")
abbr.all-sc FJ
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Suva
tr
td
+flag(`fi`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Finland") Rep. of Finland
td(sorttable_customkey="Finland") Finland
td(sorttable_customkey="Finland", lang="nl") Finland
td(sorttable_customkey="FI")
abbr.all-sc FI
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Helsinki
tr
td
+flag(`fr`)
td(sorttable_customkey="French Republic") the French Rep.
td(sorttable_customkey="France") France
td(sorttable_customkey="Frankrijk", lang="nl") Frankrijk
td(sorttable_customkey="FR")
abbr.all-sc FR
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Paris
tr
td
+flag(`pf`)
td(sorttable_customkey="French Polynesia") French Polynesia
td(sorttable_customkey="French Polynesia") French Polynesia
td(sorttable_customkey="Frans-Polynesië", lang="nl") Frans-Polynesië
td(sorttable_customkey="PF")
abbr.all-sc PF
td(sorttable_customkey="France") France
td Papeete
tr
td
+flag(`ga`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Gabonese Republic") the Gabonese Rep.
td(sorttable_customkey="Gabon") Gabon
td(sorttable_customkey="Gabon", lang="nl") Gabon
td(sorttable_customkey="GA")
abbr.all-sc GA
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Libreville
tr
td
+flag(`gm`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of the Gambia") Rep. of the Gambia
td(sorttable_customkey="Gambia") the Gambia
td(sorttable_customkey="Gambia", lang="nl") Gambia
td(sorttable_customkey="GM")
abbr.all-sc GM
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Banjul
tr
td
+flag(`ge`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Georgia") Georgia
td(sorttable_customkey="Georgia") Georgia
td(sorttable_customkey="Georgië", lang="nl") Georgië
td(sorttable_customkey="GE")
abbr.all-sc GE
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Tbilisi
tr
td
+flag(`de`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Federal Rep. of Germany") Fed’l Rep. of Germany
td(sorttable_customkey="Germany") Germany
td(sorttable_customkey="Duitsland", lang="nl") Duitsland
td(sorttable_customkey="DE")
abbr.all-sc DE
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Berlin
tr
td
+flag(`gh`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Ghana") Rep. of Ghana
td(sorttable_customkey="Ghana") Ghana
td(sorttable_customkey="Ghana", lang="nl") Ghana
td(sorttable_customkey="GH")
abbr.all-sc GH
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Accra
tr
td
+flag(`gi`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Gibraltar") Gibraltar
td(sorttable_customkey="Gibraltar") Gibraltar
td(sorttable_customkey="Gibraltar", lang="nl") Gibraltar
td(sorttable_customkey="GI")
abbr.all-sc GI
td(sorttable_customkey="United Kingdom") United Kingdom
td Gibraltar [city state]
tr
td
+flag(`gr`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Hellenic Republic") the Hellenic Rep.
td(sorttable_customkey="Greece") Greece
td(sorttable_customkey="Griekenland", lang="nl") Griekenland
td(sorttable_customkey="GR")
abbr.all-sc GR
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Athens
tr
td
+flag(`gl`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Greenland") Greenland
td(sorttable_customkey="Greenland") Greenland
td(sorttable_customkey="Groenland", lang="nl") Groenland
td(sorttable_customkey="GL")
abbr.all-sc GL
td(sorttable_customkey="Denmark") Denmark
td Nuuk
tr
td
+flag(`gd`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Grenada") Grenada
td(sorttable_customkey="Grenada") Grenada
td(sorttable_customkey="Grenada", lang="nl") Grenada
td(sorttable_customkey="GD")
abbr.all-sc GD
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td St. George’s
tr
td
+flag(`gu`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Territory of Guam") Territ. of Guam
td(sorttable_customkey="Guam") Guam
td(sorttable_customkey="Guam", lang="nl") Guam
td(sorttable_customkey="GU")
abbr.all-sc GU
td(sorttable_customkey="United States") United States
td Hagåtña
tr
td
+flag(`gt`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Guatemala") Rep. of Guatemala
td(sorttable_customkey="Guatemala") Guatemala
td(sorttable_customkey="Guatemala", lang="nl") Guatemala
td(sorttable_customkey="GT")
abbr.all-sc GT
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Guatemala City
tr
td
+flag(`gg`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Bailiwick of Guernsey") Bailiwick of Guernsey
td(sorttable_customkey="Guernsey") Guernsey
td(sorttable_customkey="Guernsey", lang="nl") Guernsey
td(sorttable_customkey="GG")
abbr.all-sc GG
td(sorttable_customkey="United Kingdom") United Kingdom
td St. Peter Port
tr
td
+flag(`gn`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Guinea") Rep. of Guinea
td(sorttable_customkey="Guinea") Guinea
td(sorttable_customkey="Guinee", lang="nl") Guinee
td(sorttable_customkey="GN")
abbr.all-sc GN
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Conakry
tr
td
+flag(`gw`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Guinea-Bissau") Rep. of Guinea-Bissau
td(sorttable_customkey="Guinea-Bissau") Guinea-Bissau
td(sorttable_customkey="Guinee-Bissau", lang="nl") Guinee-Bissau
td(sorttable_customkey="GW")
abbr.all-sc GW
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Bissau
tr
td
+flag(`gy`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Cooperative Rep. of Guyana") Coöp. Rep. of Guyana
td(sorttable_customkey="Guyana") Guyana
td(sorttable_customkey="Guyana", lang="nl") Guyana
td(sorttable_customkey="GY")
abbr.all-sc GY
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Georgetown
tr
td
+flag(`ht`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Haiti") Rep. of Haiti
td(sorttable_customkey="Haiti") Haiti
td(sorttable_customkey="Haïti", lang="nl") Haïti
td(sorttable_customkey="HT")
abbr.all-sc HT
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Port-au-Prince
tr
td
+flag(`hn`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Honduras") Rep. of Honduras
td(sorttable_customkey="Honduras") Honduras
td(sorttable_customkey="Honduras", lang="nl") Honduras
td(sorttable_customkey="HN")
abbr.all-sc HN
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Tegucigalpa
tr
td
+flag(`hk`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Rep. of China") the Hong Kong Spec. Adm. Reg. of the People’s Rep. of China
td(sorttable_customkey="Hong Kong") Hong Kong
td(sorttable_customkey="Hongkong", lang="nl") Hongkong
td(sorttable_customkey="HK")
abbr.all-sc HK
td(sorttable_customkey="China") China
td Hong Kong [city state]
tr
td
+flag(`hu`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Hungary") Hungary
td(sorttable_customkey="Hungary") Hungary
td(sorttable_customkey="Hongarije", lang="nl") Hongarije
td(sorttable_customkey="HU")
abbr.all-sc HU
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Budapest
tr
td
+flag(`is`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Iceland") Iceland
td(sorttable_customkey="Iceland") Iceland
td(sorttable_customkey="Yaaaaasland", lang="nl") IJsland
td(sorttable_customkey="IS")
abbr.all-sc IS
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Reykjavík
tr
td
+flag(`in`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of India") Rep. of India
td(sorttable_customkey="India") India
td(sorttable_customkey="India", lang="nl") India
td(sorttable_customkey="IN")
abbr.all-sc IN
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Delhi
tr
td
+flag(`id`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Indonesia") Rep. of Indonesia
td(sorttable_customkey="Indonesia") Indonesia
td(sorttable_customkey="Indonesië", lang="nl") Indonesië
td(sorttable_customkey="ID")
abbr.all-sc ID
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Jakarta
tr
td
+flag(`ir`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Islamic Rep. of Iran") Islam. Rep. of Iran
td(sorttable_customkey="Iran") Iran
td(sorttable_customkey="Iran", lang="nl") Iran
td(sorttable_customkey="IR")
abbr.all-sc IR
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Tehran
tr
td
+flag(`iq`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Iraq") Rep. of Iraq
td(sorttable_customkey="Iraq") Iraq
td(sorttable_customkey="Irak", lang="nl") Irak
td(sorttable_customkey="IQ")
abbr.all-sc IQ
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Baghdad
tr
td
+flag(`ie`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Ireland") Ireland
td(sorttable_customkey="Ireland") Ireland
td(sorttable_customkey="Ierland", lang="nl") Ierland
td(sorttable_customkey="IE")
abbr.all-sc IE
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Dublin
tr
td
+flag(`im`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Isle of Man") the Isle of Man
td(sorttable_customkey="Isle of Man") the Isle of Man
td(sorttable_customkey="Man", lang="nl") Man
td(sorttable_customkey="IM")
abbr.all-sc IM
td(sorttable_customkey="United Kingdom") United Kingdom
td Douglas
tr
td
+flag(`il`)
td(sorttable_customkey="State of Israel") State of Israel
td(sorttable_customkey="Israel") Israel
td(sorttable_customkey="Israël", lang="nl") Israël
td(sorttable_customkey="IL")
abbr.all-sc IL
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Jerusalem
tr
td
+flag(`it`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Italian Republic") Italian Rep.
td(sorttable_customkey="Italy") Italy
td(sorttable_customkey="Italië", lang="nl") Italië
td(sorttable_customkey="IT")
abbr.all-sc IT
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Rome
tr
td
+flag(`jm`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Jamaica") Jamaica
td(sorttable_customkey="Jamaica") Jamaica
td(sorttable_customkey="Jamaica", lang="nl") Jamaica
td(sorttable_customkey="JM")
abbr.all-sc JM
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Kingston
tr
td
+flag(`jp`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Japan") Japan
td(sorttable_customkey="Japan") Japan
td(sorttable_customkey="Japan", lang="nl") Japan
td(sorttable_customkey="JP")
abbr.all-sc JP
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Tokyo
tr
td
+flag(`je`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Bailiwick of Jersey") Bailiwick of Jersey
td(sorttable_customkey="Jersey") Jersey
td(sorttable_customkey="Jersey", lang="nl") Jersey
td(sorttable_customkey="JE")
abbr.all-sc JE
td(sorttable_customkey="United Kingdom") United Kingdom
td St Helier
tr
td
+flag(`jo`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan") Hashemite Kingd. of Jordan
td(sorttable_customkey="Jordan") Jordan
td(sorttable_customkey="Jordanië", lang="nl") Jordanië
td(sorttable_customkey="JO")
abbr.all-sc JO
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Amman
tr
td
+flag(`kz`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Kazakhstan") Rep. of Kazakhstan
td(sorttable_customkey="Kazakhstan") Kazakhstan
td(sorttable_customkey="Kazachstan", lang="nl") Kazachstan
td(sorttable_customkey="KZ")
abbr.all-sc KZ
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Nur-Sultan
tr
td
+flag(`ke`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Kenya") Rep. of Kenya
td(sorttable_customkey="Kenya") Kenya
td(sorttable_customkey="Kenia", lang="nl") Kenia
td(sorttable_customkey="KE")
abbr.all-sc KE
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Nairobi
tr
td
+flag(`ki`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Kiribati") Rep. of Kiribati
td(sorttable_customkey="Kiribati") Kiribati
td(sorttable_customkey="Kiribati", lang="nl") Kiribati
td(sorttable_customkey="KI")
abbr.all-sc KI
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td South Tarawa
tr
td
+flag(`xk`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Kosovo") Rep. of Kosovo
td(sorttable_customkey="Kosovo") Kosovo
td(sorttable_customkey="Kosovo", lang="nl") Kosovo
td(sorttable_customkey="XK")
abbr.all-sc XK
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent, claimed by Serbia") Independent, claimed by Serbia
td Pristina
tr
td
+flag(`kw`)
td(sorttable_customkey="State of Kuwait") State of Kuwait
td(sorttable_customkey="Kuwait") Kuwait
td(sorttable_customkey="Koeweit", lang="nl") Koeweit
td(sorttable_customkey="KW")
abbr.all-sc KW
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Kuwait City
tr
td
+flag(`kg`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Kyrgyz Republic") the Kyrgyz Rep.
td(sorttable_customkey="Kyrgyzstan") Kyrgyzstan
td(sorttable_customkey="Kirghizië", lang="nl") Kirghizië
td(sorttable_customkey="KG")
abbr.all-sc KG
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Bishkek
tr
td
+flag(`la`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Lao People’s Dem. Republic") the Lao People’s Dem. Rep.
td(sorttable_customkey="Laos") Laos
td(sorttable_customkey="Laos", lang="nl") Laos
td(sorttable_customkey="LA")
abbr.all-sc LA
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Vientiane
tr
td
+flag(`lv`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Latvia") Rep. of Latvia
td(sorttable_customkey="Latvia") Latvia
td(sorttable_customkey="Letland", lang="nl") Letland
td(sorttable_customkey="LV")
abbr.all-sc LV
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Riga
tr
td
+flag(`lb`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Lebanese Republic") the Lebanese Rep.
td(sorttable_customkey="Lebanon") Lebanon
td(sorttable_customkey="Libanon", lang="nl") Libanon
td(sorttable_customkey="LB")
abbr.all-sc LB
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Beirut
tr
td
+flag(`ls`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Kingdom of Lesotho") Kingd. of Lesotho
td(sorttable_customkey="Lesotho") Lesotho
td(sorttable_customkey="Lesotho", lang="nl") Lesotho
td(sorttable_customkey="LS")
abbr.all-sc LS
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Maseru
tr
td
+flag(`lr`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Liberia") Rep. of Liberia
td(sorttable_customkey="Liberia") Liberia
td(sorttable_customkey="Liberia", lang="nl") Liberia
td(sorttable_customkey="LR")
abbr.all-sc LR
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Monrovia
tr
td
+flag(`ly`)
td(sorttable_customkey="State of Libya") State of Libya
td(sorttable_customkey="Libya") Libya
td(sorttable_customkey="Libië", lang="nl") Libië
td(sorttable_customkey="LY")
abbr.all-sc LY
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Tripoli
tr
td
+flag(`li`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Principality of Liechtenstein") Principality of Liechtenstein
td(sorttable_customkey="Liechtenstein") Liechtenstein
td(sorttable_customkey="Liechtenstein", lang="nl") Liechtenstein
td(sorttable_customkey="LI")
abbr.all-sc LI
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Vaduz
tr
td
+flag(`lt`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Lithuania") Rep. of Lithuania
td(sorttable_customkey="Lithuania") Lithuania
td(sorttable_customkey="Litouwen", lang="nl") Litouwen
td(sorttable_customkey="LT")
abbr.all-sc LT
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Vilnius
tr
td
+flag(`lu`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Grand Duchy of Luxembourg") Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
td(sorttable_customkey="Luxembourg") Luxembourg
td(sorttable_customkey="Luxemburg", lang="nl") Luxemburg
td(sorttable_customkey="LU")
abbr.all-sc LU
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Luxembourg
tr
td
+flag(`mo`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Macao Special Administrative Region of the People’s Rep. of China") the Macao Spec. Adm. Reg. of the People’s Rep. of China
td(sorttable_customkey="Macau") Macau
td(sorttable_customkey="Macau", lang="nl") Macau
td(sorttable_customkey="MO")
abbr.all-sc MO
td(sorttable_customkey="China") China
td Macau [city state]
tr
td
+flag(`mg`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Madagascar") Rep. of Madagascar
td(sorttable_customkey="Madagascar") Madagascar
td(sorttable_customkey="Madagaskar", lang="nl") Madagaskar
td(sorttable_customkey="MG")
abbr.all-sc MG
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Antananarivo
tr
td
+flag(`mw`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Malawi") Rep. of Malawi
td(sorttable_customkey="Malawi") Malawi
td(sorttable_customkey="Malawi", lang="nl") Malawi
td(sorttable_customkey="MW")
abbr.all-sc MW
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Lilongwe
tr
td
+flag(`my`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Malaysia") Malaysia
td(sorttable_customkey="Malaysia") Malaysia
td(sorttable_customkey="Maleisië", lang="nl") Maleisië
td(sorttable_customkey="MY")
abbr.all-sc MY
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Kuala Lumpur
tr
td
+flag(`mv`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Maldives") Rep. of Maldives
td(sorttable_customkey="Maldives") the Maldives
td(sorttable_customkey="Maldiven", lang="nl") de Maldiven
td(sorttable_customkey="MV")
abbr.all-sc MV
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Malé
tr
td
+flag(`ml`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Mali") Rep. of Mali
td(sorttable_customkey="Mali") Mali
td(sorttable_customkey="Mali", lang="nl") Mali
td(sorttable_customkey="ML")
abbr.all-sc ML
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Bamako
tr
td
+flag(`mt`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Malta") Rep. of Malta
td(sorttable_customkey="Malta") Malta
td(sorttable_customkey="Malta", lang="nl") Malta
td(sorttable_customkey="MT")
abbr.all-sc MT
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Valletta
tr
td
+flag(`mh`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of the Marshall Islands") Rep. of the Marshall Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="Marshall Islands") the Marshall Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="Marshalleilanden", lang="nl") de Marshalleilanden
td(sorttable_customkey="MH")
abbr.all-sc MH
td(sorttable_customkey="Partially dependent on the U.S.") Partially dependent on the U.S.
td Majuro
tr
td
+flag(`mr`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Islamic Rep. of Mauritania") Islam. Rep. of Mauritania
td(sorttable_customkey="Mauritania") Mauritania
td(sorttable_customkey="Mauritanië", lang="nl") Mauritanië
td(sorttable_customkey="MR")
abbr.all-sc MR
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Nouakchott
tr
td
+flag(`mu`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Mauritius") Rep. of Mauritius
td(sorttable_customkey="Mauritius") Mauritius
td(sorttable_customkey="Mauritius", lang="nl") Mauritius
td(sorttable_customkey="MU")
abbr.all-sc MU
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Port Louis
tr
td
+flag(`mx`)
td(sorttable_customkey="United Mexican States") United Mexican States
td(sorttable_customkey="Mexico") Mexico
td(sorttable_customkey="Mexico", lang="nl") Mexico
td(sorttable_customkey="MX")
abbr.all-sc MX
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Mexico City
tr
td
+flag(`fm`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Federated States of Micronesia") Fed’ted States of Micronesia
td(sorttable_customkey="Micronesia") Micronesia
td(sorttable_customkey="Micronesia", lang="nl") Micronesia
td(sorttable_customkey="FM")
abbr.all-sc FM
td(sorttable_customkey="Partially dependent on the U.S.") Partially dependent on the U.S.
td Palikir
tr
td
+flag(`md`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Moldova") Rep. of Moldova
td(sorttable_customkey="Moldova") Moldova
td(sorttable_customkey="Moldavië", lang="nl") Moldavië
td(sorttable_customkey="MD")
abbr.all-sc MD
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Chișinău
tr
td
+flag(`mc`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Principality of Monaco") Principality of Monaco
td(sorttable_customkey="Monaco") Monaco
td(sorttable_customkey="Monaco", lang="nl") Monaco
td(sorttable_customkey="MC")
abbr.all-sc MC
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Monaco [city state]
tr
td
+flag(`mn`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Mongolia") Mongolia
td(sorttable_customkey="Mongolia") Mongolia
td(sorttable_customkey="Mongolië", lang="nl") Mongolië
td(sorttable_customkey="MN")
abbr.all-sc MN
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Ulaanbaatar
tr
td
+flag(`me`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Montenegro") Montenegro
td(sorttable_customkey="Montenegro") Montenegro
td(sorttable_customkey="Montenegro", lang="nl") Montenegro
td(sorttable_customkey="ME")
abbr.all-sc ME
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Podgorica
tr
td
+flag(`ms`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Montserrat") Montserrat
td(sorttable_customkey="Montserrat") Montserrat
td(sorttable_customkey="Montserrat", lang="nl") Montserrat
td(sorttable_customkey="MS")
abbr.all-sc MS
td(sorttable_customkey="United Kingdom") United Kingdom
td Brades
tr
td
+flag(`ma`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Kingdom of Morocco") Kingd. of Morocco
td(sorttable_customkey="Morocco") Morocco
td(sorttable_customkey="Marokko", lang="nl") Marokko
td(sorttable_customkey="MA")
abbr.all-sc MA
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Rabat
tr
td
+flag(`mz`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Mozambique") Rep. of Mozambique
td(sorttable_customkey="Mozambique") Mozambique
td(sorttable_customkey="Mozambique", lang="nl") Mozambique
td(sorttable_customkey="MZ")
abbr.all-sc MZ
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Maputo
tr
td
+flag(`mm`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of the Union of Myanmar") Rep. of the Union of Myanmar
td(sorttable_customkey="Myanmar") Myanmar
td(sorttable_customkey="Myanmar", lang="nl") Myanmar
td(sorttable_customkey="MM")
abbr.all-sc MM
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Naypyidaw
tr
td
+flag(`na`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Namibia") Rep. of Namibia
td(sorttable_customkey="Namibia") Namibia
td(sorttable_customkey="Namibië", lang="nl") Namibië
td(sorttable_customkey="NA")
abbr.all-sc NA
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Windhoek
tr
td
+flag(`nr`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Nauru") Rep. of Nauru
td(sorttable_customkey="Nauru") Nauru
td(sorttable_customkey="Nauru", lang="nl") Nauru
td(sorttable_customkey="NR")
abbr.all-sc NR
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Yaren
tr
td
+flag(`np`).irregular
td(sorttable_customkey="Federal Dem. Rep. of Nepal") Fed’l Dem. Rep. of Nepal
td(sorttable_customkey="Nepal") Nepal
td(sorttable_customkey="Nepal", lang="nl") Nepal
td(sorttable_customkey="NP")
abbr.all-sc NP
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Kathmandu
tr
td
+flag(`nl`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Kingdom of the Netherlands") Kingd. of the Netherlands
td(sorttable_customkey="Netherlands") the Netherlands
td(sorttable_customkey="Nederland", lang="nl") Nederland
td(sorttable_customkey="NL")
abbr.all-sc NL
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td The Hague
tr
td
+flag(`nc`)
td(sorttable_customkey="New Caledonia") New Caledonia
td(sorttable_customkey="New Caledonia") New Caledonia
td(sorttable_customkey="Nieuw-Caledonië", lang="nl") Nieuw-Caledonië
td(sorttable_customkey="NC")
abbr.all-sc NC
td(sorttable_customkey="France") France
td Nouméa
tr
td
+flag(`nz`)
td(sorttable_customkey="New Zealand") New Zealand
td(sorttable_customkey="New Zealand") New Zealand
td(sorttable_customkey="Nieuw-Zeeland", lang="nl") Nieuw-Zeeland
td(sorttable_customkey="NZ")
abbr.all-sc NZ
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Wellington
tr
td
+flag(`ni`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Nicaragua") Rep. of Nicaragua
td(sorttable_customkey="Nicaragua") Nicaragua
td(sorttable_customkey="Nicaragua", lang="nl") Nicaragua
td(sorttable_customkey="NI")
abbr.all-sc NI
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Managua
tr
td
+flag(`ne`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of the Niger") Rep. of the Niger
td(sorttable_customkey="Niger") Niger
td(sorttable_customkey="Niger", lang="nl") Niger
td(sorttable_customkey="NE")
abbr.all-sc NE
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Niamey
tr
td
+flag(`ng`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Federal Rep. of Nigeria") Fed’l Rep. of Nigeria
td(sorttable_customkey="Nigeria") Nigeria
td(sorttable_customkey="Nigeria", lang="nl") Nigeria
td(sorttable_customkey="NG")
abbr.all-sc NG
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Abuja
tr
td
+flag(`nu`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Niue") Niue
td(sorttable_customkey="Niue") Niue
td(sorttable_customkey="Niue", lang="nl") Niue
td(sorttable_customkey="NU")
abbr.all-sc NU
td(sorttable_customkey="Partially dependent on New Zealand") Partially dependent on New Zealand
td Alofi
tr
td
+flag(`nf`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Territory of Norfolk Island") Territ. of Norfolk Island
td(sorttable_customkey="Norfolk Island") Norfolk Island
td(sorttable_customkey="Norfolk", lang="nl") Norfolk
td(sorttable_customkey="NF")
abbr.all-sc NF
td(sorttable_customkey="Australia") Australia
td Kingston
tr
td
+flag(`kp`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Dem. People’s Rep. of Korea") Dem. People’s Rep. of Korea
td(sorttable_customkey="North Korea") North Korea
td(sorttable_customkey="Noord-Korea", lang="nl") Noord-Korea
td(sorttable_customkey="KP")
abbr.all-sc KP
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Pyongyang
tr
td
+flag(`mk`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of North Macedonia") Rep. of North Macedonia
td(sorttable_customkey="North Macedonia") North Macedonia
td(sorttable_customkey="Noord-Macedonië", lang="nl") Noord-Macedonië
td(sorttable_customkey="MK")
abbr.all-sc MK
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Skopje
tr
td
+flag(`xc`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Turkish Rep. of Northern Cyprus") Turkish Rep. of Northern Cyprus
td(sorttable_customkey="Northern Cyprus") Northern Cyprus
td(sorttable_customkey="Noord-Cyprus", lang="nl") Noord-Cyprus
td(sorttable_customkey="XC")
abbr(title="Unofficial").all-sc XC
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent, claimed by Cyprus") Independent, claimed by Cyprus
td Nicosia
tr
td
+flag(`mp`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands") Commonw. of the Northern Mariana Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="Northern Mariana Islands") the Northern Marianas
td(sorttable_customkey="Noordelijke Marianen", lang="nl") de Noordelijke Marianen
td(sorttable_customkey="MP")
abbr.all-sc MP
td(sorttable_customkey="United States") United States
td Saipan
tr
td
+flag(`no`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Kingdom of Norway") Kingd. of Norway
td(sorttable_customkey="Norway") Norway
td(sorttable_customkey="Noorwegen", lang="nl") Noorwegen
td(sorttable_customkey="NO")
abbr.all-sc NO
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Oslo
tr
td
+flag(`om`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Sultanate of Oman") Sultanate of Oman
td(sorttable_customkey="Oman") Oman
td(sorttable_customkey="Oman", lang="nl") Oman
td(sorttable_customkey="OM")
abbr.all-sc OM
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Muscat
tr
td
+flag(`pk`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Islamic Rep. of Pakistan") Islam. Rep. of Pakistan
td(sorttable_customkey="Pakistan") Pakistan
td(sorttable_customkey="Pakistan", lang="nl") Pakistan
td(sorttable_customkey="PK")
abbr.all-sc PK
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Islamabad
tr
td
+flag(`pw`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Palau") Rep. of Palau
td(sorttable_customkey="Palau") Palau
td(sorttable_customkey="Palau", lang="nl") Palau
td(sorttable_customkey="PW")
abbr.all-sc PW
td(sorttable_customkey="Partially dependent on the U.S.") Partially dependent on the U.S.
td Ngerulmud
tr
td
+flag(`ps`)
td(sorttable_customkey="State of Palestine") State of Palestine
td(sorttable_customkey="Palestine") Palestine
td(sorttable_customkey="Palestina", lang="nl") Palestina
td(sorttable_customkey="PS")
abbr.all-sc PS
td(sorttable_customkey="Occupied by Israel") Occupied by Israel
td Ramallah
tr
td
+flag(`pa`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Panama") Rep. of Panama
td(sorttable_customkey="Panama") Panama
td(sorttable_customkey="Panama", lang="nl") Panama
td(sorttable_customkey="PA")
abbr.all-sc PA
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Panama City
tr
td
+flag(`pg`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent State of Papua New Guinea") Indep. State of Papua New Guinea
td(sorttable_customkey="Papua New Guinea") Papua New Guinea
td(sorttable_customkey="Papoea-Nieuw-Ginea", lang="nl") Papoea-Nieuw-Guinea
td(sorttable_customkey="PG")
abbr.all-sc PG
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Port Moresby
tr
td
+flag(`py`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Paraguay") Rep. of Paraguay
td(sorttable_customkey="Paraguay") Paraguay
td(sorttable_customkey="Paraguay", lang="nl") Paraguay
td(sorttable_customkey="PY")
abbr.all-sc PY
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Asunción
tr
td
+flag(`pe`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Peru") Rep. of Peru
td(sorttable_customkey="Peru") Peru
td(sorttable_customkey="Peru", lang="nl") Peru
td(sorttable_customkey="PE")
abbr.all-sc PE
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Lima
tr
td
+flag(`ph`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of the Philippines") Rep. of the Philippines
td(sorttable_customkey="Philippines") the Philippines
td(sorttable_customkey="Filipijnen", lang="nl") de Filipijnen
td(sorttable_customkey="PH")
abbr.all-sc PH
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Manila
tr
td
+flag(`pn`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie, and Oeno Islands") the Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie, and Oeno Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="Pitcairn Islands") the Pitcairn Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="Pitcairneilanden", lang="nl") de Pitcairneilanden
td(sorttable_customkey="PN")
abbr.all-sc PN
td(sorttable_customkey="United Kingdom") United Kingdom
td Adamstown
tr
td
+flag(`pl`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Poland") Rep. of Poland
td(sorttable_customkey="Poland") Poland
td(sorttable_customkey="Polen", lang="nl") Polen
td(sorttable_customkey="PL")
abbr.all-sc PL
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Warsaw
tr
td
+flag(`pt`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Portuguese Republic") the Portuguese Rep.
td(sorttable_customkey="Portugal") Portugal
td(sorttable_customkey="Portugal", lang="nl") Portugal
td(sorttable_customkey="PT")
abbr.all-sc PT
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Lisbon
tr
td
+flag(`pr`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Commonwealth of Puerto Rico") Commonw. of Puerto Rico
td(sorttable_customkey="Puerto Rico") Puerto Rico
td(sorttable_customkey="Puerto Rico", lang="nl") Puerto Rico
td(sorttable_customkey="PR")
abbr.all-sc PR
td(sorttable_customkey="United States") United States
td San Juan
tr
td
+flag(`qa`)
td(sorttable_customkey="State of Qatar") State of Qatar
td(sorttable_customkey="Qatar") Qatar
td(sorttable_customkey="Qatar", lang="nl") Qatar
td(sorttable_customkey="QA")
abbr.all-sc QA
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Doha
tr
td
+flag(`ro`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Romania") Romania
td(sorttable_customkey="Romania") Romania
td(sorttable_customkey="Roemenië", lang="nl") Roemenië
td(sorttable_customkey="RO")
abbr.all-sc RO
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Bucharest
tr
td
+flag(`ru`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Russian Federation") the Russian Fed’n
td(sorttable_customkey="Russia") Russia
td(sorttable_customkey="Rusland", lang="nl") Rusland
td(sorttable_customkey="RU")
abbr.all-sc RU
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Moscow
tr
td
+flag(`rw`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Rwanda") Rep. of Rwanda
td(sorttable_customkey="Rwanda") Rwanda
td(sorttable_customkey="Rwanda", lang="nl") Rwanda
td(sorttable_customkey="RW")
abbr.all-sc RW
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Kigali
tr
td
+flag(`bl`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Collectivity of Saint-Barthélemy") Collectivity of Saint-Barthélemy
td(sorttable_customkey="Saint Barthélemy") Saint Barthélemy
td(sorttable_customkey="Saint-Barthélemy", lang="nl") Saint-Barthélemy
td(sorttable_customkey="BL")
abbr.all-sc BL
td(sorttable_customkey="France") France
td Gustavia
tr
td
+flag(`sh`)
+flag(`ac`)
+flag(`ta`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha") Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha
td(sorttable_customkey="Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha") Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha
td(sorttable_customkey="Sint-Helena, Ascension, en Tristan da Cunha", lang="nl") Sint-Helena, Ascension, en Tristan da Cunha
td(sorttable_customkey="SH")
abbr.all-sc SH
td(sorttable_customkey="United Kingdom") United Kingdom
td Jamestown
tr
td
+flag(`kn`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis") Fed’n of Saint Christopher and Nevis
td(sorttable_customkey="Saint Kitts and Nevis") Saint Kitts and Nevis
td(sorttable_customkey="Saint Kitts en Nevis", lang="nl") Saint Kitts en Nevis
td(sorttable_customkey="KN")
abbr.all-sc KN
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Basseterre
tr
td
+flag(`lc`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Saint Lucia") Saint Lucia
td(sorttable_customkey="Saint Lucia") Saint Lucia
td(sorttable_customkey="Saint Lucia", lang="nl") Saint Lucia
td(sorttable_customkey="LC")
abbr.all-sc LC
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Castries
tr
td
+flag(`mf`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Collectivity of Saint-Martin") Collectivity of Saint-Martin
td(sorttable_customkey="Saint Martin") Saint Martin
td(sorttable_customkey="Saint-Martin", lang="nl") Saint-Martin
td(sorttable_customkey="MF")
abbr.all-sc MF
td(sorttable_customkey="France") France
td Marigot
tr
td
+flag(`pm`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Collectivity of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon") Collectivity of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon
td(sorttable_customkey="Saint Pierre and Miquelon") Saint Pierre and Miquelon
td(sorttable_customkey="Saint-Pierre en Miquelon", lang="nl") Saint-Pierre en Miquelon
td(sorttable_customkey="PM")
abbr.all-sc PM
td(sorttable_customkey="France") France
td St. Pierre
tr
td
+flag(`vc`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines") Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
td(sorttable_customkey="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines") Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
td(sorttable_customkey="Saint Vincent en de Grenadines", lang="nl") Saint Vincent en de Grenadines
td(sorttable_customkey="VC")
abbr.all-sc VC
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Kingstown
tr
td
+flag(`ws`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent State of Samoa") Indep. State of Samoa
td(sorttable_customkey="Samoa") Samoa
td(sorttable_customkey="Samoa", lang="nl") Samoa
td(sorttable_customkey="WS")
abbr.all-sc WS
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Apia
tr
td
+flag(`sm`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of San Marino") Rep. of San Marino
td(sorttable_customkey="San Marino") San Marino
td(sorttable_customkey="San Marino", lang="nl") San Marino
td(sorttable_customkey="SM")
abbr.all-sc SM
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td San Marino
tr
td
+flag(`st`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Dem. Rep. of São Tomé and Príncipe") Dem. Rep. of São Tomé and Príncipe
td(sorttable_customkey="São Tomé and Príncipe") São Tomé and Príncipe
td(sorttable_customkey="São Tomé and Príncipe", lang="nl") São Tomé and Príncipe
td(sorttable_customkey="ST")
abbr.all-sc ST
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td São Tomé
tr
td
+flag(`sa`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Kingdom of Saudi Arabia") Kingd. of Saudi Arabia
td(sorttable_customkey="Saudi Arabia") Saudi Arabia
td(sorttable_customkey="Saoedi-Arabië", lang="nl") Saoedi-Arabië
td(sorttable_customkey="SA")
abbr.all-sc SA
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Riyadh
tr
td
+flag(`sn`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Senegal") Rep. of Senegal
td(sorttable_customkey="Senegal") Senegal
td(sorttable_customkey="Senegal", lang="nl") Senegal
td(sorttable_customkey="SN")
abbr.all-sc SN
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Dakar
tr
td
+flag(`rs`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Serbia") Rep. of Serbia
td(sorttable_customkey="Serbia") Serbia
td(sorttable_customkey="Servië", lang="nl") Servië
td(sorttable_customkey="RS")
abbr.all-sc RS
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Belgrade
tr
td
+flag(`sc`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Seychelles") Rep. of Seychelles
td(sorttable_customkey="Seychelles") Seychelles
td(sorttable_customkey="Seychellen", lang="nl") de Seychellen
td(sorttable_customkey="SC")
abbr.all-sc SC
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Victoria
tr
td
+flag(`sl`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Sierra Leone") Rep. of Sierra Leone
td(sorttable_customkey="Sierra Leone") Sierra Leone
td(sorttable_customkey="Sierra Leone", lang="nl") Sierra Leone
td(sorttable_customkey="SL")
abbr.all-sc SL
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Freetown
tr
td
+flag(`sg`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Singapore") Rep. of Singapore
td(sorttable_customkey="Singapore") Singapore
td(sorttable_customkey="Singapore", lang="nl") Singapore
td(sorttable_customkey="SG")
abbr.all-sc SG
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Singapore [city state]
tr
td
+flag(`sx`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Country of Sint Maarten") Country of Sint Maarten
td(sorttable_customkey="Sint Maarten") Sint Maarten
td(sorttable_customkey="Sint Maarten", lang="nl") Sint Maarten
td(sorttable_customkey="SX")
abbr.all-sc SX
td(sorttable_customkey="Netherlands") Netherlands
td Philipsburg
tr
td
+flag(`sk`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Slovak Republic") the Slovak Republic
td(sorttable_customkey="Slovakia") Slovakia
td(sorttable_customkey="Slowakije", lang="nl") Slowakije
td(sorttable_customkey="SK")
abbr.all-sc SK
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Bratislava
tr
td
+flag(`si`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Slovenia") Rep. of Slovenia
td(sorttable_customkey="Slovenia") Slovenia
td(sorttable_customkey="Slovenië", lang="nl") Slovenië
td(sorttable_customkey="SI")
abbr.all-sc SI
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Ljubljana
tr
td
+flag(`sb`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Solomon Islands") Solomon Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="Solomon Islands") Solomon Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="Salomonseilanden", lang="nl") de Salomonseilanden
td(sorttable_customkey="SB")
abbr.all-sc SB
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Honiara
tr
td
+flag(`so`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Federal Rep. of Somalia") Fed’l Rep. of Somalia
td(sorttable_customkey="Somalia") Somalia
td(sorttable_customkey="Somalië", lang="nl") Somalië
td(sorttable_customkey="SO")
abbr.all-sc SO
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Mogadishu
tr
td
+flag(`xs`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Somaliland") Rep. of Somaliland
td(sorttable_customkey="Somaliland") Somaliland
td(sorttable_customkey="Somaliland", lang="nl") Somaliland
td(sorttable_customkey="XS")
abbr(title="Unofficial").all-sc XS
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent, claimed by Somalia") Independent, claimed by Somalia
td Hargeisa
tr
td
+flag(`za`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of South Africa") Rep. of South Africa
td(sorttable_customkey="South Africa") South Africa
td(sorttable_customkey="Zuid-Afrika", lang="nl") Zuid-Afrika
td(sorttable_customkey="ZA")
abbr.all-sc ZA
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Cape Town
tr
td
+flag(`kr`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Korea") Rep. of Korea
td(sorttable_customkey="South Korea") South Korea
td(sorttable_customkey="Zuid-Korea", lang="nl") Zuid-Korea
td(sorttable_customkey="KR")
abbr.all-sc KR
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Seoul
tr
td
+flag(`xo`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of South Ossetia the State of Alania") Rep. of South Ossetia the State of Alania
td(sorttable_customkey="South Ossetia") South Ossetia
td(sorttable_customkey="Zuid-Ossetië", lang="nl") Zuid-Ossetië
td(sorttable_customkey="XO")
abbr(title="Unofficial").all-sc XO
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent, claimed by Georgia") Independent, claimed by Georgia
td Tskhinvali
tr
td
+flag(`ss`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of South Sudan") Rep. of South Sudan
td(sorttable_customkey="South Sudan") South Sudan
td(sorttable_customkey="Zuid-Soedan", lang="nl") Zuid-Soedan
td(sorttable_customkey="SS")
abbr.all-sc SS
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Juba
tr
td
+flag(`es`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Kingdom of Spain") Kingd. of Spain
td(sorttable_customkey="Spain") Spain
td(sorttable_customkey="Spanje", lang="nl") Spanje
td(sorttable_customkey="ES")
abbr.all-sc ES
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Madrid
tr
td
+flag(`lk`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Dem. Socialist Rep. of Sri Lanka") Dem. Socialist Rep. of Sri Lanka
td(sorttable_customkey="Sri Lanka") Sri Lanka
td(sorttable_customkey="Sri Lanka", lang="nl") Sri Lanka
td(sorttable_customkey="LK")
abbr.all-sc LK
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Colombo
tr
td
+flag(`sd`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of the Sudan") Rep. of the Sudan
td(sorttable_customkey="Sudan") Sudan
td(sorttable_customkey="Soedan", lang="nl") Soedan
td(sorttable_customkey="SD")
abbr.all-sc SD
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Khartoum
tr
td
+flag(`sr`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Suriname") Rep. of Suriname
td(sorttable_customkey="Suriname") Suriname
td(sorttable_customkey="Suriname", lang="nl") Suriname
td(sorttable_customkey="SR")
abbr.all-sc SR
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Paramaribo
tr
td
+flag(`no`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Svalbard") Svalbard
td(sorttable_customkey="Svalbard") Svalbard
td(sorttable_customkey="Spitsbergen", lang="nl") Spitsbergen
td(sorttable_customkey="SJ")
abbr.all-sc SJ
td(sorttable_customkey="Norway, governed by treaty") Norway, governed by treaty
td Longyearbyen
tr
td
+flag(`se`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Kingdom of Sweden") Kingd. of Sweden
td(sorttable_customkey="Sweden") Sweden
td(sorttable_customkey="Zweden", lang="nl") Zweden
td(sorttable_customkey="SE")
abbr.all-sc SE
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Stockholm
tr
td
+flag(`ch`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Swiss Confederation") the Swiss Confed’n
td(sorttable_customkey="Switzerland") Switzerland
td(sorttable_customkey="Zwitserland", lang="nl") Zwitserland
td(sorttable_customkey="CH")
abbr.all-sc CH
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Bern
tr
td
+flag(`sy`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Syrian Arab Republic") the Syrian Arab Rep.
td(sorttable_customkey="Syria") Syria
td(sorttable_customkey="Syrië", lang="nl") Syrië
td(sorttable_customkey="SY")
abbr.all-sc SY
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Damascus
tr
td
+flag(`tw`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of China") Rep. of China
td(sorttable_customkey="Taiwan") Taiwan
td(sorttable_customkey="Taiwan", lang="nl") Taiwan
td(sorttable_customkey="TW")
abbr.all-sc TW
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent, claimed by china") Independent, claimed by China
td Taipei
tr
td
+flag(`tj`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Tajikistan") Rep. of Tajikistan
td(sorttable_customkey="Tajikistan") Tajikistan
td(sorttable_customkey="Tadzjikistan", lang="nl") Tadzjikistan
td(sorttable_customkey="TJ")
abbr.all-sc TJ
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Dushanbe
tr
td
+flag(`tz`)
td(sorttable_customkey="United Rep. of Tanzania") United Rep. of Tanzania
td(sorttable_customkey="Tanzania") Tanzania
td(sorttable_customkey="Tanzania", lang="nl") Tanzania
td(sorttable_customkey="TZ")
abbr.all-sc TZ
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Dar es Salaam
tr
td
+flag(`th`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Kingdom of Thailand") Kingd. of Thailand
td(sorttable_customkey="Thailand") Thailand
td(sorttable_customkey="Thailand", lang="nl") Thailand
td(sorttable_customkey="TH")
abbr.all-sc TH
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Bangkok
tr
td
+flag(`tl`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Dem. Rep. of Timor-Leste") Dem. Rep. of Timor-Leste
td(sorttable_customkey="Timor-Leste") Timor-Leste
td(sorttable_customkey="Oost-Timor", lang="nl") Oost-Timor
td(sorttable_customkey="TL")
abbr.all-sc TL
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Dili
tr
td
+flag(`tg`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Togolese Republic") Togolese Rep.
td(sorttable_customkey="Togo") Togo
td(sorttable_customkey="Togo", lang="nl") Togo
td(sorttable_customkey="TG")
abbr.all-sc TG
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Lomé
tr
td
+flag(`tk`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Tokelau") Tokelau
td(sorttable_customkey="Tokelau") Tokelau
td(sorttable_customkey="Tokelau", lang="nl") Tokelau
td(sorttable_customkey="TK")
abbr.all-sc TK
td(sorttable_customkey="New Zealand") New Zealand
td
span.all-sc N/A
tr
td
+flag(`to`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Kingdom of Tonga") Kingd. of Tonga
td(sorttable_customkey="Tonga") Tonga
td(sorttable_customkey="Tonga", lang="nl") Tonga
td(sorttable_customkey="TO")
abbr.all-sc TO
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Nukuʻalofa
tr
td
+flag(`xt`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Pridnestrovian Moldovian Republic") the Pridnestrovian Moldovian Rep.
td(sorttable_customkey="Transnistria") Transnistria
td(sorttable_customkey="Transnistrië", lang="nl") Transnistrië
td(sorttable_customkey="XT")
abbr(title="Unofficial").all-sc XT
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent, claimed by Moldova
td Tiraspol
tr
td
+flag(`tt`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Trinidad and Tobago") Rep. of Trinidad and Tobago
td(sorttable_customkey="Trinidad and Tobago") Trinidad and Tobago
td(sorttable_customkey="Trinidad en Tobago", lang="nl") Trinidad en Tobago
td(sorttable_customkey="TT")
abbr.all-sc TT
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Port of Spain
tr
td
+flag(`tn`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Tunisia") Rep. of Tunisia
td(sorttable_customkey="Tunisia") Tunisia
td(sorttable_customkey="Tunesië", lang="nl") Tunesië
td(sorttable_customkey="TN")
abbr.all-sc TN
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Tunis
tr
td
+flag(`tr`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Turkiye") Rep. of Türkiye
td(sorttable_customkey="Turkey") Turkey
td(sorttable_customkey="Turkije", lang="nl") Turkije
td(sorttable_customkey="TR")
abbr.all-sc TR
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Ankara
tr
td
+flag(`tm`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Turkmenistan") Turkmenistan
td(sorttable_customkey="Turkmenistan") Turkmenistan
td(sorttable_customkey="Turkmenistan", lang="nl") Turkmenistan
td(sorttable_customkey="TM")
abbr.all-sc TM
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Ashgabat
tr
td
+flag(`tc`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Turks and Caicos Islands") the Turks and Caicos Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="Turks and Caicos Islands") the Turks and Caicos Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="Turks- en Caicoseilanden", lang="nl") de Turks- en Caicoseilanden
td(sorttable_customkey="TC")
abbr.all-sc TC
td(sorttable_customkey="United Kingdom") United Kingdom
td Cockburn Town
tr
td
+flag(`tv`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Tuvalu") Tuvalu
td(sorttable_customkey="Tuvalu") Tuvalu
td(sorttable_customkey="Tuvalu", lang="nl") Tuvalu
td(sorttable_customkey="TV")
abbr.all-sc TV
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Funafuti
tr
td
+flag(`vi`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Virgin Islands of the United States") the Virgin Islands of the United States
td(sorttable_customkey="U.S. Virgin Islands") the U.S. Virgin Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="Amerikaanse Maagdeneilanden", lang="nl") de Amerikaanse Maagdeneilanden
td(sorttable_customkey="VI")
abbr.all-sc VI
td(sorttable_customkey="United States") United States
td Charlotte Amelie
tr
td
+flag(`ug`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Uganda") Rep. of Uganda
td(sorttable_customkey="Uganda") Uganda
td(sorttable_customkey="Oeganda", lang="nl") Oeganda
td(sorttable_customkey="UG")
abbr.all-sc UG
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Kampala
tr
td
+flag(`ua`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Ukraine") Ukraine
td(sorttable_customkey="Ukraine") Ukraine
td(sorttable_customkey="Oekraïne", lang="nl") Oekraïne
td(sorttable_customkey="UA")
abbr.all-sc UA
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Kyiv
tr
td
+flag(`ae`)
td(sorttable_customkey="United Arab Emirates") the United Arab Emirates
td(sorttable_customkey="United Arab Emirates") the United Arab Emirates
td(sorttable_customkey="Verenigde Arabische Emiraten", lang="nl") de Verenigde Arabische Emiraten
td(sorttable_customkey="AE")
abbr.all-sc AE
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Abu Dhabi
tr
td
+flag(`gb`)
td(sorttable_customkey="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland") United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
td(sorttable_customkey="United Kingdom") the United Kingdom
td(sorttable_customkey="Verenigd Koninkrijk", lang="nl") het Verenigd Koninkrijk
td(sorttable_customkey="GB")
abbr.all-sc GB
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td London
tr
td
+flag(`us`)
td(sorttable_customkey="United States of America") United States of America
td(sorttable_customkey="United States") the United States
td(sorttable_customkey="Verenigde Staten", lang="nl") de Verenigde Staten
td(sorttable_customkey="US")
abbr.all-sc US
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Washington, DC
tr
td
+flag(`uy`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Oriental Rep. of Uruguay") Oriental Rep. of Uruguay
td(sorttable_customkey="Uruguay") Uruguay
td(sorttable_customkey="Uruguay", lang="nl") Uruguay
td(sorttable_customkey="UY")
abbr.all-sc UY
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Montevideo
tr
td
+flag(`uz`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Uzbekistan") Rep. of Uzbekistan
td(sorttable_customkey="Uzbekistan") Uzbekistan
td(sorttable_customkey="Oezbekistan", lang="nl") Oezbekistan
td(sorttable_customkey="UZ")
abbr.all-sc UZ
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Tashkent
tr
td
+flag(`vu`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Vanuatu") Rep. of Vanuatu
td(sorttable_customkey="Vanuatu") Vanuatu
td(sorttable_customkey="Vanuatu", lang="nl") Vanuatu
td(sorttable_customkey="VU")
abbr.all-sc VU
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Port Vila
tr
td
+flag(`va`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Vatican City State") the Vatican City State
td(sorttable_customkey="Vatican City") Vatican City
td(sorttable_customkey="Vaticaanstad", lang="nl") Vaticaanstad
td(sorttable_customkey="VA")
abbr.all-sc VA
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Vatican City [city state]
tr
td
+flag(`ve`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela") Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela
td(sorttable_customkey="Venezuela") Venezuela
td(sorttable_customkey="Venezuela", lang="nl") Venezuela
td(sorttable_customkey="VE")
abbr.all-sc VE
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Caracas
tr
td
+flag(`vn`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Socialist Rep. of Viet Nam") Socialist Rep. of Viet Nam
td(sorttable_customkey="Vietnam") Vietnam
td(sorttable_customkey="Vietnam", lang="nl") Vietnam
td(sorttable_customkey="VN")
abbr.all-sc VN
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Hanoi
tr
td
+flag(`wf`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Territory of the Wallis and Futuna Islands") Territ. of the Wallis and Futuna Islands
td(sorttable_customkey="Wallis and Futuna") Wallis and Futuna
td(sorttable_customkey="Wallis en Futuna", lang="nl") Wallis en Futuna
td(sorttable_customkey="WF")
abbr.all-sc WF
td(sorttable_customkey="France") France
td Mata Utu
tr
td
+flag(`eh`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Sahrawi Arab Dem. Republic") Sahrawi Arab Dem. Rep.
td(sorttable_customkey="Western Sahara") Western Sahara
td(sorttable_customkey="Westelijke Sahara", lang="nl") de Westelijke Sahara
td(sorttable_customkey="EH")
abbr.all-sc EH
td(sorttable_customkey="It’s complicated") It’s complicated
td Tifariti (de facto), Laayoune (de jure)
tr
td
+flag(`ye`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Yemen") Rep. of Yemen
td(sorttable_customkey="Yemen") Yemen
td(sorttable_customkey="Jemen", lang="nl") Jemen
td(sorttable_customkey="YE")
abbr.all-sc YE
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Sana’a
tr
td
+flag(`zm`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Zambia") Rep. of Zambia
td(sorttable_customkey="Zambia") Zambia
td(sorttable_customkey="Zambia", lang="nl") Zambia
td(sorttable_customkey="ZM")
abbr.all-sc ZM
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Lusaka
tr
td
+flag(`zw`)
td(sorttable_customkey="Rep. of Zimbabwe") Rep. of Zimbabwe
td(sorttable_customkey="Zimbabwe") Zimbabwe
td(sorttable_customkey="Zimbabwe", lang="nl") Zimbabwe
td(sorttable_customkey="ZW")
abbr.all-sc ZW
td(sorttable_customkey="Independent") Independent
td Harare
+nh3(`Appendix <span class='all-sc'>B</span>: Country, province, and state abbreviations`)
p In addition to the international standard letter codes, many Anglosphere nations have traditional, written abbreviations of varying length for their various subnational divisions. I have reproduced those for the United Kingdom, United States, Canada, and Australia here.
details
summary Country abbreviations
.table-container
table#county-table
tbody
tr
th County, state, or province
th Abbreviation
tr
th(colspan="2")
+flag(`gb/eng`)
| Historic and ceremonial counties of England
+flag(`gb/eng`)
tr
td Bedfordshire
td Beds.
tr
td Berkshire
td Berks.
tr
td Buckinghamshire
td Bucks.
tr
td Cambridgeshire
td Cambs.
tr
td Cheshire
td Ches.
tr
td City of London (non-historic)
td C. of L.
tr
td Cornwall
td Corn.
tr
td Cumberland
td Cumb.
tr
td Cumbria (non-historic)
td Cum.
tr
td Derbyshire
td Derbys.
tr
td Devon
td Devon
tr
td Dorset
td Dor.
tr
td County Durham
td Co. Dur.
tr
td Essex
td Essex
tr
td Gloucestershire
td Glos., Gloucs.
tr
td Greater London (non-historic)
td G. L.
tr
td Greater Manchester (non-historic)
td G. M.
tr
td Hampshire
td Hants.
tr
td Herefordshire
td Here.
tr
td Hertfordshire
td Herts.
tr
td Huntingdonshire
td Hunts.
tr
td Isle of Wight (non-historic)
td I. of W.
tr
td Kent
td Kent
tr
td Lancashire
td Lancs.
tr
td Leicestershire
td Leics.
tr
td Lincolnshire
td Lincs.
tr
td Middlesex
td Middx.
tr
td Norfolk
td Norf.
tr
td Northamptonshire
td Northants.
tr
td Northumberland
td Northd.
tr
td Notthinghamshire
td Notts.
tr
td Oxfordshire
td Oxon.
tr
td Rutland
td Rut.
tr
td Shropshire
td Salop
tr
td Somerset
td Som.
tr
td Staffordshire
td Staffs.
tr
td Suffolk
td Suff.
tr
td Surrey
td Sy.
tr
td Sussex
td Ssx.
tr
td Tyne and Wear (non-historic)
td T.
i &
| W.
tr
td Warwickshire
td Warks.
tr
td Westmorland
td Westm.
tr
td Wiltshire
td Wilts.
tr
td Worcestershire
td Worcs.
tr
td Yorkshire
td Yorks.
tr
th(colspan="2")
+flag(`gb/sco`)
| Historic counties of Scotland
+flag(`gb/sco`)
tr
td Aberdeenshire
td Aber.
tr
td Argyll
td Arg.
tr
td Ayrshire
td Ayr.
tr
td Banffshire
td Banf.
tr
td Berwickshire
td Berw.
tr
td Bute
td Bute
tr
td Caithness
td Caith.
tr
td Clackmannanshire
td Clack.
tr
td Cromartyshire
td Crom.
tr
td Dumfriesshire
td Dumfrie.
tr
td Dunbartonshire
td Dunbar.
tr
td Edinburghshire
td Edin.
tr
td Elginshire
td Elg.
tr
td Fife
td Fife
tr
td Forfarshire
td Forf.
tr
td Haddingtonshire
td Hadd.
tr
td Inverness-shire
td Inver.
tr
td Kincardineshire
td Kincar.
tr
td Kinross-shire
td Kin.
tr
td Kirkcudbrightshire
td Kirkud.
tr
td Lanarkshire
td Lan.
tr
td Linlithgowshire
td Lin.
tr
td Nairnshire
td Nairn.
tr
td Orkney
td Orkney
tr
td Peeblesshire
td Peeb.
tr
td Perthshire
td Per.
tr
td Renfrewshire
td Renf.
tr
td Ross-shire
td Ross.
tr
td Roxburghshire
td Roxb.
tr
td Selkirkshire
td Selk.
tr
td Shetland
td Zet.
tr
td Stirlingshire
td Stirl.
tr
td Sutherland
td Suther.
tr
td Wigtownshire
td Wig.
tr
th(colspan="2")
+flag(`gb/wls`)
| Historic counties of Wales
+flag(`gb/wls`)
tr
td Anglesey
td Angle.
tr
td Brecknockshire
td Breck.
tr
td Caernarfonshire
td Caern.
tr
td Cardiganshire
td Card.
tr
td Carmarthenshire
td Carm.
tr
td Denbighshire
td Denb.
tr
td Flintshire
td Fl.
tr
td Glamorganshire
td Glam.
tr
td Merionethshire
td Meri.
tr
td Monmouthshire
td Monm.
tr
td Montgomeryshire
td Mont.
tr
td Pembrokeshire
td Pembs.
tr
td Radnorshire
td Rad.
tr
th(colspan="2")
+flag(`ie`)
| Counties of the island of Ireland
+flag(`gb/nir`)
tr
td County Antrim
td Co. Ant.
tr
td County Armagh
td Co. Arm.
tr
td County Carlow
td Co. Carl.
tr
td County Cavan
td Co. Cav.
tr
td County Clare
td Co. Clare
tr
td County Cork
td Co. Cork
tr
td County Derry / County Londonderry
td Co. Derry / Co. Londy.
tr
td County Donegal
td Co. Dngl.
tr
td County Down
td Co. Down
tr
td County Dublin
td Co. Dub.
tr
td County Fermanagh
td Co. Ferm.
tr
td County Galway
td Co. Gal.
tr
td County Kerry
td Co. Kerry
tr
td County Kildare
td Co. Kild.
tr
td County Kilkenny
td Co. Kilk.
tr
td County Laois
td Co. Laois
tr
td County Leitrim
td Co. Leit.
tr
td County Limerick
td Co. Lim.
tr
td County Longford
td Co. Long.
tr
td County Louth
td Co. Louth
tr
td County Mayo
td Co. Mayo
tr
td County Meath
td Co. Meath
tr
td County Monaghan
td Co. Mongh.
tr
td County Offaly
td Co. Ofly.
tr
td County Roscommon
td Co. Rosc.
tr
td County Sligo
td Co. Sligo
tr
td County Tipperary
td Co. Tipp.
tr
td County Tyrone
td Co. Tyr.
tr
td County Waterford
td Co. Wat.
tr
td County Westmeath
td Co. Wmth.
tr
td County Wexford
td Co. Wex.
tr
td County Wicklow
td Co. Wklw.
tr
th(colspan="2")
+flag(`us`)
| States of the United States of America
+flag(`us`)
tr
td Alabama
td Ala.
tr
td Alaska
td Alaska
tr
td Arizona
td Ariz.
tr
td Arkansas
td Ark.
tr
td California
td Calif.
tr
td Colorado
td Colo.
tr
td Connecticut
td Conn.
tr
td Delaware
td Del.
tr
td District of Columbia
td D.C.
tr
td Florida
td Fla.
tr
td Georgia
td Ga.
tr
td Hawaiʻi
td Hawaiʻi
tr
td Idaho
td Idaho
tr
td Illinois
td Ill.
tr
td Indiana
td Ind.
tr
td Iowa
td Iowa
tr
td Kansas
td Kan.
tr
td Kentucky
td Ky.
tr
td Lousiana
td La.
tr
td Maine
td Maine
tr
td Maryland
td Md.
tr
td Massachusetts
td Mass.
tr
td Michigan
td Mich.
tr
td Minnesota
td Minn.
tr
td Mississippi
td Miss.
tr
td Missouri
td Mo.
tr
td Montana
td Mont.
tr
td Nebraska
td Neb.
tr
td Nevada
td Nev.
tr
td New Hampshire
td N.H.
tr
td New Jersey
td N.J.
tr
td New Mexico
td N.M.
tr
td New York
td N.Y.
tr
td North Carolina
td N.C.
tr
td North Dakota
td N.D.
tr
td Ohio
td Ohio
tr
td Oklahoma
td Okla.
tr
td Oregon
td Ore.
tr
td Pennsylvania
td Pa.
tr
td Rhode Island
td R.I.
tr
td South Carolina
td S.C.
tr
td South Dakota
td S.D.
tr
td Tennessee
td Tenn.
tr
td Texas
td Texas
tr
td Utah
td Utah
tr
td Vermont
td Vt.
tr
td Virginia
td Va.
tr
td Washington
td Wash.
tr
td West Virginia
td W. Va.
tr
td Wisconsin
td Wis.
tr
td Wyoming
td Wyo.
tr
th(colspan="2")
+flag(`ca`)
| Provinces of Canada
+flag(`ca`)
tr
td Alberta
td Alta.
tr
td British Columbia
td B.C.
tr
td Manitoba
td Man.
tr
td New Brunswick
td N.B.
tr
td Newfoundland and Labrador
td N.L.
tr
td Northwest Territories
td N.W.T.
tr
td Nova Scotia
td N.S.
tr
td Nunavut
td Nvt.
tr
td Ontario
td Ont.
tr
td Prince Edward Island
td P.E.I.
tr
td Quebec
td Que.
tr
td Saskatchewan
td Sask.
tr
td Yukon
td Yuk.
tr
th(colspan="2")
+flag(`au`)
| States and internal territories of the Commonwealth of Australia
+flag(`au`)
tr
td Australian Capital Territory
td A.C.T.
tr
td New South Wales
td N.S.W.
tr
td Northern Territory
td N.T.
tr
td Queensland
td Qld.
tr
td South Australia
td S.A.
tr
td Tasmania
td Tas.
tr
td Victoria
td Vic.
tr
td Western Australia
td W.A.
+nh3(`Appendix <span class='all-sc'>C</span>: The Nato spelling alphabet`)
p The Nato spelling alphabet, sometimes called the Nato
em phonetic
| alphabet for reasons i can’t quite seem to divine, is the international standard for spelling out words letter-by-letter. It’s nice to have on hand for reference.
table
tbody
tr
td A
td Alpha
td N
td November
tr
td B
td Bravo
td O
td Oscar
tr
td C
td Charlie
td P
td Papa
tr
td D
td Delta
td Q
td Quebec
tr
td E
td Echo
td R
td Romeo
tr
td F
td Foxtrot
td S
td Sierra
tr
td G
td Golf
td T
td Tango
tr
td H
td Hotel
td U
td Uniform
tr
td I
td India
td V
td Victor
tr
td J
td Juliet
td W
td Whiskey
tr
td K
td Kilo
td X
td X-ray
tr
td L
td Lima
td Y
td Yankee
tr
td M
td Mike
td Z
td Zulu
+nh3(`Appendix <span class='all-sc'>D</span>: Imperial measurements`)
p This table details the most common imperial measurements as used in the UK. Metric conversions are deliberately inexact, to make it easier to calculate in my tiny little Euro-brain.
table
tbody
tr
th Unit
th Imperial equivalent
th Metric equivalent
tr
th(colspan="3") Length
tr
td Inch
td
span.all-sc N/A
td ~2½ cm
tr
td Foot
td 12 inches
td ~30 cm
tr
td Yard
td 3 feet
td ~90 cm
tr
td Mile
td 1,760 yards
td ~1.6 km
tr
th(colspan="3") Liquids
tr
td Fluid ounce
td
span.all-sc N/A
td ~30 ml
tr
td Pint
td 20 fluid ounces
td ~550 ml
tr
td Quart
td 2 pints
td ~1.1 l
tr
td Gallon
td 4 quarts
td ~4½ l
tr
th(colspan="3") Weights
tr
td Ounce
td
span.all-sc N/A
td ~30 g
tr
td Pound
td 16 ounces
td ~450 g
tr
td Stone
td 14(‽) pounds
td ~6 kg